Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses for prognostic factors in patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center cohort before propensity score matching

 Male

1

reference

1

reference

 Female

0.935

0.733–1.193

0.590

0.876

0.664–1.155

0.349

  ≤ 60

1

reference

1

reference

  > 60

1.342

1.083–1.662

0.007

1.264

1.018–1.569

0.034

 No

1

reference

1

reference

 Yes

1.421

1.134–1.780

0.002

1.673

1.303–2.149

< 0.001

Tumor length (continuous)

1.007

0.941–1.078

0.832

  ≤ 15

1

reference

1

reference

  > 15

0.630

0.506–0.784

< 0.001

0.566

0.445–0.720

< 0.001

 Well

1

reference

1

reference

 Moderate

1.088

0.833–1.420

0.537

1.057

0.808–1.383

0.687

 Poor

1.500

1.110–2.026

0.008

1.812

1.334–2.461

< 0.001

 T1

1

reference

1

reference

 T2

1.132

0.776–1.652

0.520

1.236

0.840–1.819

0.283

 T3

1.584

1.130–2.221

0.008

1.856

1.312–2.626

< 0.001

 Upper

1

reference

1

reference

 Middle

0.960

0.665–1.386

0.828

0.899

0.605–1.305

0.547

 Lower

0.659

0.460–0.946

0.024

0.491

0.331–0.729

< 0.001

 No

1

reference

 Yes

1.087

0.871–1.358

0.461

 Sweet

1

reference

1

reference

 Ivor-Lewis

1.922

1.174–3.144

0.009

1.568

0.948–2.595

0.080

 McKeown

0.782

0.602–1.017

0.066

0.749

0.543–1.033

0.078

 Other

0.790

0.390–1.599

0.512

0.815

0.400–1.661

0.573

 Left

1

reference

 Right

0.856

0.673–1.088

0.204

 Other

0.879

0.218–3.536

0.855

 No

1

reference

1

reference

 Yes

0.979

0.687–1.396

0.907

0.930

0.543–1.593

0.791

 No

1

reference

1

reference

 Yes

1.063

0.669–1.689

0.797

1.366

0.658–2.836

0.403