Table 1 Demographic characteristics of included studies
From: Exercise-based dysphagia rehabilitation for adults with oesophageal cancer: a systematic review
Authors, year | Study Design | Study Setting | N | Age | Sex | Co-morbidities | Stage of cancer | Location of cancer | Type of cancer treatment | Complications post-surgery | Dysphagia Assessment for Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Okumura et al., 2016 [37] | Case Control Study (CCS) | Toyoma University Hospital, Japan | 26 | CG; Mean 65.9 +/− 9.7 yrs. TG: 68+/−5.1 yrs. | CG: 13/1 M:F TG: 12 M | NI | TNM Classification (JES) -I/II CG: 11 (78.6%) TG: 5 (41.7%) -III/IV CG: 3 (21.4%) TG: 7 (58.3%) TNM Classification (UICC) - I/II CG:12 (85.7%) TG: 8 (66.7%) -III/IV CG: 2 (14.3%) TG: 4 (33.3%) | Thoracic | “Oesophagectomy” 5 participants: neoadjuvant chemotherapy | CG: RLNP (n = 4) AP (n = 3) AL (n = 2) TG: RLNP(n = 2), AP (n = 3) AL (n = 2) | Non-validated: 1. Functional Outcomes Assessment Measure of Swallowing (FOAMS) Scale. 2 Measured relevant biomechanical positions and volumes on x-axis and y-axis plots from VFSS images |
Tsubosa et al., 2005 [69] | Case Series (CS) | Shizuoka Cancer Hospital Rehabilitation Dept., Japan | 9 | Mean 57.8 +/− 9 yrs. | 9 M | Cases 1: Hx of RTC; 2: old age; 3: Hx of stroke and abnormal shape of epiglottis; and 4: abnormal shape of epiglottis. The remaining 5 cases had no relevant co-morbidities that may affect swallowing | NI | Thoracic | “Oesophagectomy” | RLNP (n = 5. 1 of which was bilateral resulting in severe AP) | Non-validated: VFSS rating tool suggested by Logemann, 1998 |
Takatsu et al., 2020 [70] | Retrospective case control study | Aichi Cancer Centre Hospital, Japan | 276 | CG; median 68 (IQR 64–74) TG; 69 (IQR 62–73) | CG: 91/18 M:F TG: 142/25 M:F | NI | TNM Classification (UICC) -I/II CG: 49 (45%) TG: 56 (45%) -III/IV CG: 60 (55%) TG: 91 (55%) | Thoracic | CG: Neoadjuvant therapies: 87 (80%) Thoracoscopic oesophagectomy Open Oesophagectomy Cervical anastomosis TG: Neoadjuvant therapies: 133 (80%) Thoracoscopic oesophagectomy Open oesophagectomy Cervical anastomosis | CG: RLNP 22 (20%) Pneumonia 25 (23%) AL: 8 (7%) TG: RLNP 34 (20%) Pneumonia 39 (23%) AL 22 (13%) | 1. Start of oral intake 2. Length of oral intake rehabilitation 3. Length of postoperative stay |