Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for local recurrence and distant metastasis
Characteristics | Local recurrence | Distant metastasis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
Hazard ratio | p-value | Hazard ratio | p-value | Hazard ratio | p-value | Hazard ratio | p-value | |
Age (years) | 1.04 (1.01-1.07) | 0.007 | 1.09 (1.01-1.19) | 0.046 | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 0.647 | ||
Laterality | ||||||||
Left | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Right | 1.12 (0.46-2.70) | 0.810 | 0.61 (0.27-1.40) | 0.242 | ||||
Tumor size (cm) | 0.98 (0.88-1.09) | 0.703 | 1.05 (1.01-1.10) | 0.024 | ||||
Tumor depth | ||||||||
Cutaneous | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
Subcutaneous | 1.19 (0.41-3.47) | 0.747 | 3.30 (1.02-10.68) | 0.047 | 4.32 (1.02-18.22) | 0.047 | ||
Treatment | ||||||||
Simple tumorectomy | Reference | Reference | ||||||
With orchiectomy | 0.49 (0.22-1.07) | 0.074 | 1.43 (0.70-2.94) | 0.330 | ||||
Adjuvant radiation | ||||||||
No | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Yes | 1.58 (0.62-3.92) | 0.346 | 1.32 (0.64-2.70) | 0.455 | ||||
Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||||
No | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Yes | 0.67 (0.09-4.97) | 0.695 | 1.60 (0.57-4.51) | 0.373 | ||||
Microscopic margin | ||||||||
Negative | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
Positive | 11.14 (2.47-50.20) | 0.002 | 9.84 (2.06-46.93) | 0.004 | 5.96 (1.14-31.05) | 0.034 | ||
Tumor grade | ||||||||
Grade 1 | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Grade 2 | 1.73 (0.52-5.72) | 0.369 | 7.55 (1.66-35.52) | 0.010 | 7.06 (1.50-33.19) | 0.013 | ||
Grade 3 | 2.60 (0.91-7.40) | 0.073 | 21.18 (4.97-90.39) | <0.001 | 22.22 (5.18-95.26) | <0.001 | ||