Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for local recurrence and distant metastasis

Age (years)

1.04 (1.01-1.07)

0.007

1.09 (1.01-1.19)

0.046

1.01 (0.99-1.02)

0.647

Laterality

 Left

Reference

Reference

 Right

1.12 (0.46-2.70)

0.810

0.61 (0.27-1.40)

0.242

Tumor size (cm)

0.98 (0.88-1.09)

0.703

1.05 (1.01-1.10)

0.024

Tumor depth

 Cutaneous

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Subcutaneous

1.19 (0.41-3.47)

0.747

3.30 (1.02-10.68)

0.047

4.32 (1.02-18.22)

0.047

Treatment

 Simple tumorectomy

Reference

Reference

 With orchiectomy

0.49 (0.22-1.07)

0.074

1.43 (0.70-2.94)

0.330

Adjuvant radiation

 No

Reference

Reference

 Yes

1.58 (0.62-3.92)

0.346

1.32 (0.64-2.70)

0.455

Adjuvant chemotherapy

 No

Reference

Reference

 Yes

0.67 (0.09-4.97)

0.695

1.60 (0.57-4.51)

0.373

Microscopic margin

 Negative

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Positive

11.14 (2.47-50.20)

0.002

9.84 (2.06-46.93)

0.004

5.96 (1.14-31.05)

0.034

Tumor grade

 Grade 1

Reference

Reference

 Grade 2

1.73 (0.52-5.72)

0.369

7.55 (1.66-35.52)

0.010

7.06 (1.50-33.19)

0.013

 Grade 3

2.60 (0.91-7.40)

0.073

21.18 (4.97-90.39)

<0.001

22.22 (5.18-95.26)

<0.001