Table 2 Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis for 5-year overall survival rate

Age at diagnosis

≤60 years

1

-

1

-

61-70 years

1.47 (0.90-2.42)

0.118

0.86 (0.49-1.50)

0.609

71-80 years

2.44 (1.57-3.95)

<0.001

1.26 (1.12-2.31)

0.032*

≥81 years

4.99 (2.98-8.36)

<0.001

2.33 (1.23-4.42)

0.009*

Residence

Rural

1

-

1

-

Urban

0.74 (0.57.0.96)

0.024

0.98 (0.74–1.23)

0.067

Marital status

Single

1

-

Not in model

-

Married

0.80 (0.51-1.25)

0.331

-

-

Occupation

Unemployed

1

-

1

-

Worker

0.80 (0.55-1.17)

0.268

1.09 (0.71–1.68)

0.683

Self-employed

0.74 (0.55-0.99)

0.043

1.01 (0.74–1.38)

0.967

Employee

0.28 (0.15-0.52)

<0.001

0.42 (0.20–0.87)

0.021*

Education

Illiterate

1

-

1

-

Diploma or below

0.83 (0.71-0.93)

0.042

0.91 (0.64–1.11)

0.087

Academic

0.36 (0.19-0.68)

0.002

0.78 (0.64–0.91)

0.042*

Tobacco history

No

1

-

Not in model

-

Yes

0.99 (0.76-1.29)

0.978

-

-

Alcohol history

No

1

-

Not in model

Yes

0.78 (0.35-1.77)

0.568

-

-

Family history of PC

No

1

Not in model

-

Yes

1.13 (0.78-1.65)

0.498

-

-

Comorbidity

No

1

1

-

Yes

1.28 (1.01-1.63)

0.044

1.05 (0.85–1.14)

0.124

AJCC stage of disease

I

1

1

II

1.09 (0.74-1.62)

0.634

1.03 (0.61-1.40)

0.733

III

4.38 (3.09-6.20)

<0.001

1.45 (1.09-2.30)

0.045*

IV

8.55 (5.41-13.53)

<0.001

2.18 (1.09-3.68)

0.025*

Gleason score

≤ 6

1

1

-

7

2.19 (1.31-3.63)

0.002

1.21 (0.69–1.40)

0.501

8

5.32 (2.34-8.97)

<0.001

4.16 (2.50–6.93)

0.012*

≥ 9

8.14 (5.32-11.64)

<0.001

7.12 (5.35–10.28)

0.002*

Treatment

No treatment

1

1

-

Active surveillance

0.06 (0.03-0.11)

<0.001

0.14 (0.07-0.29)

0.001*

Radical Prostatectomy

0.07 (0.03-0.13)

<0.001

0.16 (0.08-0.37)

0.001*

Radiotherapy

0.25 (0.15-0.40)

<0.001

0.48 (0.28-0.83)

0.008*

Radiotherapy + Radical Prostatectomy

0.34 (0.20-0.57)

<0.001

0.42 (0.23-0.76)

0.005*

Orchiectomy

1 (0.64-1.56)

0.977

0.48 (0.29-0.81)

0.006*

Androgen therapy

0.97 (0.85-1.20)

0.185

0.68 (0.39-1.17)

0.169