Table 3 Comparison of expression levels of TGF-β1 and other factors in breast lesions with and without “stiff rim sign” (x ± s)

TGF-β1^a

0.3090 ± 0.0682

0.1164 ± 0.0960

11.720

<0.001

Smad2/3^a

0.2332 ± 0.0981

0.1004 ± 0.0792

8.242

<0.001

Erk1/2^a

0.2441 ± 0.0831

0.1416 ± 0.0683

7.539

<0.001

p38 MAPK^a

0.2429 ± 0.1116

0.0832 ± 0.0998

7.673

<0.001

JNK2^a

0.2429 ± 0.0875

0.1285 ± 0.0729

7.321

<0.001

PI3K^a

0.3212 ± 0.0954

0.1692 ± 0.1096

7.130

<0.001

AKT^a

0.2025 ± 0.0886

0.0945 ± 0.0712

7.332

<0.001