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Table 2 Odds ratio (95% CI) of frequent contacts to the health care system (all contacts)

From: Socioeconomic position and prediagnostic health care contacts in children with cancer in Denmark: a nationwide register study

  Leukemia Lymphoma CNS tumors Bone tumors and soft tissue sarcomas Other non-CNS solid tumors All cancers
(N = 905) (N = 314) (N = 805) (N = 321) (N = 698) (N = 3043)
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Highest parental education in household
 Long 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Medium 1.07 (0.81–1.43) 1.60 (0.99–2.59) 1.10 (0.81–1.49) 1.22 (0.76–1.96) 1.29 (0.93–1.78) 1.19 (1.01–1.39)
 Short 1.16 (0.74–1.83) 1.96 (0.96–3.99) 1.81 (1.12–2.93) 1.31 (0.64–2.71) 1.23 (0.74–2.05) 1.42 (1.10–1.83)
Household cohabitation status
 Parents as couple 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Single parent 0.86 (0.58–1.27) 0.85 (0.47–1.55) 0.68 (0.45–1.03) 1.09 (0.59–2.01) 0.91 (0.58–1.43) 0.84 (0.68–1.04)
Highest parental income in household
 Fifth quintile 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Fourth quintile 1.74 (1.24–2.46) 1.73 (0.95–3.15) 1.03 (0.71–1.50) 0.86 (0.49–1.53) 0.98 (0.65–1.48) 1.24 (1.02–1.50)
 Third quintile 1.40 (0.95–2.07) 1.91 (0.99–3.70) 0.71 (0.48–1.07) 1.85 (0.96–3.57) 1.19 (0.78–1.81) 1.20 (0.97–1.49)
 Second quintile 1.94 (1.25–3.01) 1.75 (0.84–3.62) 0.97 (0.62–1.54) 0.77 (0.38–1.58) 1.19 (0.71–1.98) 1.30 (1.02–1.66)
 First quintile 2.71 (1.34–5.48) 1.10 (0.41–2.90) 0.60 (0.30–1.22) 0.95 (0.30–2.96) 1.01 (0.51–2.00) 1.16 (0.82–1.64)
Household affiliation to work market
 At work 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Mixed 1.80 (1.22–2.66) 1.68 (0.86–3.25) 1.19 (0.79–1.78) 1.24 (0.66–2.34) 1.97 (1.34–2.91) 1.59 (1.29–1.95)
 Unemployed/not in work force 0.71 (0.44–1.16) 0.88 (0.43–1.80) 1.04 (0.63–1.73) 1.06 (0.51–2.20) 1.27 (0.74–2.20) 0.96 (0.72–1.28)
Country of origin for household parent(s)
 Denmark 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Western countries 0.71 (0.27–1.88) a 2.09 (0.46–9.56) 2.05 (0.33–12.62) 0.47 (0.13–1.72) 0.91 (0.49–1.70)
 Non-Western countries 1.12 (0.68–1.83) a 1.01 (0.61–1.67) 1.76 (0.85–3.65) 0.97 (0.58–1.61) 1.02 (0.79–1.32)
 Mixed 0.63 (0.34–1.18) a 0.68 (0.33–1.41) 2.05 (0.54–7.86) 0.40 (0.15–1.09) 0.71 (0.48–1.04)
Number of children in household
 1 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 2 1.12 (0.81–1.56) 0.89 (0.46–1.73) 0.82 (0.57–1.18) 0.76 (0.42–1.40) 1.21 (0.83–1.75) 1.01 (0.84–1.22)
 ≥ 3 1.18 (0.81–1.72) 0.58 (0.28–1.20) 0.81 (0.54–1.22) 0.65 (0.34–1.22) 1.16 (0.76–1.76) 0.94 (0.76–1.16)
Depression in household parents
 No 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Yes 1.34 (0.87–2.06) 0.92 (0.45–1.85) 1.56 (1.04–2.34) 1.56 (0.80–3.04) 1.12 (0.70–1.81) 1.32 (1.05–1.65)
Somatic or major psychiatric disease in household parents
 No 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.) 1 (Ref.)
 Yes 1.38 (0.87–2.19) 1.80 (0.92–3.53) 0.89 (0.52–1.52) 0.60 (0.28–1.29) 1.11 (0.67–1.83) 1.13 (0.88–1.44)
  1. Frequent contacts are defined as 8 or more contacts to doctors in primary care sector, emergency room contacts, outpatient and inpatient hospital contacts during the last 3 months before child’s cancer diagnosis; OR Odds Ratio, CI confidence interval. For each socioeconomic variable, the models are adjusted for sex, diagnostic group (as an interaction term in the model, where we estimate the OR for each diagnostic group), diagnosis period and age at diagnosis (continuous), highest parental education in the household and household cohabitation status. a Due to few observations, logistic regression analysis did not reach convergence.
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