Table 3 Postoperative complications between the late TLTG after learning curve and LATG groups. Learning curve of TLTG was determined after the 26th case

Overall complication: n (%)

48 (24.4)

33 (28.9)

0.422

44 (23.4)

30 (28.3)

0.401

Major complication (≥ grade IIIa)

23 (11.7)

13 (11.4)

0.942

22 (11.7)

12 (11.3)

0.922

Comprehensive complication index (median, range)

6.5 (0–60.2)

6.3 (0–40.5)

0.553

6.5 (0–60.2)

6.3 (0–40.5)

0.521

Hospital stays

11.5 ± 7.5

10.9 ± 6.9

0.461

11.1 ± 7.1

11.9 ± 10.1

0.422

 Grade I

6 (3.0)

10 (8.8)

0.034

4 (2.1)

9 (8.5)

0.016

 Wound

0 (0)

2 (1.8)

0.134

0 (0)

2 (1.9)

0.129

 Fluid collection

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.367

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.361

 Luminal bleeding

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.367

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.361

 Intestinal motility disorder^a

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Organ ischemic change^b

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

0 (0)

0 (0)

–

 Pulmonary

2 (1.0)

6 (5.3)

0.055

1 (0.5)

5 (4.7)

0.024

 Other systemic

1 (0.5)

2 (1.8)

0.557

1 (0.5)

2 (1.9)

0.296

Grade II

25 (12.7)

14 (12.3)

0.916

24 (12.8)

13 (12.3)

0.901

 Fluid collection

6 (3.0)

2 (1.8)

0.715

6 (3.2)

2 (1.9)

0.715

 Intra-peritoneal bleeding^c

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Luminal bleeding

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.367

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.361

 Stenosis (EJ)

0 (0)

2 (1.8)

0.134

0 (0)

2 (1.9)

0.129

 Intestinal motility disorder^a

1 (0.5)

1 (0.9)

0.694

1 (0.5)

1 (0.9)

0.680

 Anastomosis site leakage

3 (1.5)

2 (1.8)

0.876

3 (1.6)

2 (1.9)

0.853

 Other fistulas

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.367

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.361

 Organ ischemic change^d

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Pulmonary

9 (4.6)

4 (3.5)

0.774

9 (4.8)

3 (2.8)

0.547

 Other systemic

7 (3.6)

4 (3.5)

0.984

7 (3.7)

4 (3.8)

0.983

Grade IIIa

22 (11.2)

10 (8.8)

0.565

21 (11.2)

9 (8.5)

0.550

 Wound

2 (1.0)

3 (2.6)

0.360

2 (1.1)

2 (1.9)

0.621

 fluid collection

11 (5.6)

4 (3.5)

0.585

10 (5.3)

4 (3.8)

0.777

 Intra-peritoneal bleeding^e

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Stenosis

0 (0)

0 (0)

–

0 (0)

0 (0)

–

 Intestinal motility disorder^f

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Anastomosis site leakage

5 (2.5)

1 (0.9)

0.420

5 (2.7)

1 (0.9)

0.424

 Pulmonary

5 (2.5)

2 (1.8)

0.653

4 (2.1)

2 (1.9)

0.888

 Other systemic

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

Grade IIIb

2 (1.0)

2 (1.8)

0.626

2 (1.1)

2 (1.9)

0.621

 Wound

2 (1.0)

1 (0.9)

0.904

2 (1.1)

1 (0.9)

0.921

 Intestinal motility disorder^f

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.367

0 (0)

1 (0.9)

0.361

Grade IVa

2 (1.0)

0 (0)

0.534

2 (1.1)

0 (0)

0.537

 Intra-peritoneal bleeding^g

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Pulmonary

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

Grade IVb

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Intra-peritoneal bleeding^h

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.446

1 (0.5)

0 (0)

0.452

 Delayed EJ stenosis (total no.)

13 (6.6)

6 (5.3)

0.807

12 (6.4)

5 (4.7)

0.615

 Delayed EJ stenosis (≥grade IIIa)

7 (3.6)

5 (4.4)

0.764

6 (3.2)

4 (3.8)

0.751

 Detected period for (Days)

73.6 ± 19.3

74.2 ± 12.7

0.942

77.4 ± 14.2

73.4 ± 14.0

0.607