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Table 6 Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses for prognostic factors in 2353 occult lung cancer patients

From: Incidence and survival analyses for occult lung cancer between 2004 and 2015: a population-based study

Variables

5-year CSS

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

HR

P-Value

HR

95% CI

P-Value

Sex

 Male

14%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Female

16%

0.830

< 0.001

0.796

0.723–0.876

< 0.001

Tumor differentiation

 Well

18%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Moderate

17%

1.062

0.564

0.654

0.769–1.179

0.654

 Poor

13%

1.373

0.001

1.214

1.003–1.506

0.046

 Unknown

15%

1.152

0.131

1.038

0.860–1.264

0.669

Tumor location

 Upper lobe

17%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Middle lobe

9%

1.090

0.447

1.141

0.913–1.427

0.246

 Lower lobe

14%

1.110

0.067

1.124

1.004–1.259

0.042

 Other location

18%

1.115

0.354

1.036

0.822–1.305

0.767

 Unknown

11%

1.291

< 0.001

1.241

1.084–1.421

0.002

Age (median, year)

  ≤ 72

16%

1

 

1

reference

 

  > 72

14%

1.237

< 0.001

1.183

1.072–1.305

0.001

Histological subtypes

 Squamous cell carcinoma

13%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Adenocarcinoma

14%

0.890

0.05

0.878

0.775–0.995

0.042

 Non-squamous and non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC

24%

0.680

< 0.001

0.754

0.609–0.933

0.010

 Small-cell carcinoma

12%

0.992

0.920

0.958

0.812–1.131

0.616

 Unknown non-sarcoma carcinoma

31%

0.647

0.022

0.558

0.380–0.820

0.003

 Unknown NSCLC

15%

0.952

0.518

0.923

0.790–1.079

0.317

Chemotherapy

 No

17%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Yes

10%

0.926

0.132

0.946

0.846–1.059

0.338

Radiotherapy

 No

15%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Yes

16%

0.795

< 0.001

0.716

0.638–0.802

< 0.001

 Unknown

12%

1.077

0.730

1.020

0.666–1.562

0.928

Marital status

 Non-married

14%

1

    

 Married

15%

0.990

0.837

   

 Unknown

17%

1.045

0.662

   

Race/ ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic whites

15%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Non-Hispanic other

16%

0.995

0.938

1.063

0.941–1.202

0.323

Surgical treatment

 None

12%

1

 

1

reference

 

 Limited resection

30%

0.462

< 0.001

0.476

0.354–0.640

< 0.001

 Lobectomy

47%

0.285

< 0.001

0.269

0.269–0.352

< 0.001

 Pneumonectomy

13%

0.476

0.098

0.427

0.176–1.032

0.059

 Unknown surgical approach

NA

0.506

0.238

0.544

0.175–1.695

0.294

 Unknown

16%

0.972

0.847

0.899

0.673–1.203

0.475

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NSCLC non-small cell lung carcinoma
  2. Cox regression’s method was Enter selection
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