Fig. 4

Effect of knockdown of TDO2 expression on proliferation, colony formation and invasion of RCC cells. a TDO2 mRNA levels in 786-O cells transfected with siRNA1, siRNA2, and siRNA negative control. The bars indicate the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.01. b MTT assay of 786-O cells transfected with siRNA1, siRNA2, and siRNA negative control. c Images of colony formation in 786-O cells transfected with siRNA1, siRNA2, and siRNA negative control at 14 days, and quantification of the average number of clones. The error bars indicate SE (n = 3). *p < 0.01. d Images of invasion assay in 786-O cells transfected with siRNA1, siRNA2, and siRNA negative control at 24 h, and quantification of the average number of invaded cells. The error bars indicate SE (n = 3). *p < 0.01. e Western blot analysis of the expression of TDO2, Akt, pAkt, Erk1/2, and pErk1/2 in 786-O cells transfected with siRNA1, siRNA2, and siRNA negative control. GAPDH served as an internal control. The western blot bands were cropped and full-length blots/gels were presented in Fig. S9, Fig. S10