Table 4 Alcohol’s effects on CVD risks among CRC survivors according to the World Health Organization classification
Outcome | No drinking (n = 14,972) | Moderate drinking < 20 g/day for females and < 40 g/day for males (n = 4779) | Hazardous drinking ≥ 20 g/day for females and ≥ 40 g/day for males (n = 882) | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CVD | ||||
Event (%) | 691 (4.6) | 223 (4.6) | 67 (7.6) | |
Person-years | 49,226 | 15,585 | 2975 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.02 (0.88–1.19) | 1.60 (1.25–2.06) | 0.001 |
aHR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.06 (0.90–1.25) | 1.51 (1.15–1.97) | 0.010 |
IHD | ||||
Event (%) | 310 (2.1) | 106 (2.2) | 22 (2.5) | |
Person-year | 50,136 | 15,850 | 3069 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.08 (0.87–1.35) | 1.16 (0.75–1.78) | 0.661 |
aHR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.09 (0.85–1.39) | 1.07 (0.68–1.68) | 0.794 |
Stroke | ||||
Event (%) | 422 (2.8) | 129 (2.7) | 49 (5.6) | |
Person-years | 49,899 | 15,826 | 3030 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.97 (0.79–1.18) | 1.91 (1.42–2.56) | < 0.001 |
aHR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.01 (0.82–1.26) | 1.77 (1.29–2.42) | 0.001 |
Ischemic stroke | ||||
Event (%) | 210 (1.4) | 70 (1.5) | 25 (2.8) | |
Person-years | 50,415 | 15,962 | 3095 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.06 (0.81–1.38) | 1.93 (1.28–2.92) | 0.017 |
aHR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.04 (0.77–1.39) | 1.60 (1.03–2.48) | 0.107 |
Hemorrhagic stroke | ||||
Event (%) | 45 (0.3) | 15 (0.3) | 10 (1.1) | |
Person-years | 50,783 | 16,075 | 3108 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.05 (0.59–1.88) | 3.60 (1.82–7.15) | 0.001 |
aHR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.87 (0.46–1.63) | 2.65 (1.25–5.62) | 0.017 |