Table 1 Summary of all postoperative complications
Complications | Total number (%) | Grade of surgical complicationa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
None | I-II | III-IV | V | ||
No complications - Grade II (%) | 250 (79.1%) | 205 (64.8%) | 45 (14.2%) | Â | Â |
Grade III-V (%) | 66 (20.8%) | Â | Â | 59 (18.6%) | 7 (2.2%) |
Total no. of complications (%) | 111 (35.2%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Cardiovascular | |||||
 heart failure | 2 (0.6%) |  | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) |  |
 deep venous thrombosis | 2 (0.6%) |  | 2 (0.6%) |  |  |
Pulmonary | |||||
 pleural effusion | 4 (1.3%) |  | 2 (0.6%) | 2 (0.6%) |  |
 pneumonia | 1 (0.3%) |  | 1 (0.3%) |  |  |
Gastrointestinal | |||||
 gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 4 (1.3%) |  | 2 (0.6%) | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) |
 delayed gastric empting | 15 (4.7%) |  | 14 (4.4%) | 1 (0.3%) |  |
 intestinal obstruction | 5 (1.6%) |  | 2 (0.6%) | 3 (0.9%) |  |
Surgical site infections | |||||
 superficial-deep wound | 8 (2.5%) |  | 7 (2.2%) | 1 (0.3%) |  |
 intra-abdominal abscess | 16 (5.1%) |  | 1 (0.3%) | 14 (4.4%) | 1 (0.3%) |
Liver/Biliary | |||||
 bile leak | 37 (11.7%) |  | 6 (1.9%) | 31 (9.8%) |  |
 portal vein thrombosis | 4 (1.3%) |  |  |  | 4 (1.3%) |
 anastomotic leak | 1 (0.3%) |  |  | 1 (0.3%) |  |
Others | |||||
 intra-abdominal hemorrhage | 3 (0.9%) |  | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) |
 sepsis | 3 (0.9%) |  | 2 (0.6%) | 1 (0.3%) |  |
 ascites | 6 (1.9%) |  | 4 (1.3%) | 2 (0.6%) |  |