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Table 4 Pooled relative risk of secondary outcomes based on combined direct and indirect evidence from Bayesian network meta-analysis with different prophylaxis antifungal agents against IFIs among patients at high risk

From: Network meta-analysis of triazole, polyene, and echinocandin antifungal agents in invasive fungal infection prophylaxis in patients with hematological malignancies

Comparisons

IA-related IFIs

IC-related IFIs

All-cause mortality

IFI-related mortality

AEs

Withdrawal due to AEs

Empirical treatment

Successful treatment

Compared with fluconazole

 Itraconazole

0.65 (0.37–1.07)

0.55 (0.12–1.47)

1.08 (0.76–1.43)

0.59 (0.23–1.17)

2.37 (0.98–5.08)

2.30 (0.89–5.09)

1.26 (0.49–2.73)

1.41 (0.65–3.13)

 Posaconazole

0.08 (0.01–0.27)

26.57 (0.17–68.36)

0.35 (0.08–0.96)

1.08 (0.00–5.32)

1.55 (0.34–4.36)

6.58 (1.07–18.26)

0.55 (0.05–2.07)

1.47 (0.53–3.15)

 Voriconazole

0.45 (0.13–1.07)

202.6 (0.18–42.07)

0.78 (0.42–1.32)

n.e.

3.78 (0.96–11.32)

81.54 (0.04–3.19)

0.80 (0.23–1.99)

2.19 (0.83–5.18)

 Amphotericin B

1.16 (0.39–2.55)

0.87 (0.08–2.71)

1.05 (0.66–1.53)

0.99 (0.25–2.71)

4.15 (1.20–12.08)

6.18 (0.91–11.04)

0.96 (0.21–2.54)

0.95 (0.53–1.78)

 Caspofungin

0.73 (0.10–2.47)

20.85 (0.02–12.12)

1.03 (0.24–2.83)

2.51 (0.09–12.74)

1.37 (0.11–5.42)

6.30 (0.11–5.02)

1.67 (0.19–5.47)

1.89 (0.40–5.38)

 Micafungin

1.27 (0.25–3.94)

1.41 (0.00–8.44)

0.84 (0.34–1.85)

0.67 (0.02–3.04)

0.12 (0.00–0.61)

n.e.

n.e.

2.53 (0.81, 5.80)

 Placebo

1.36 (0.60–2.66)

3.30 (0.77–8.54)

1.17 (0.81–1.6)

1.80 (0.62–3.86)

0.02 (0.00–0.03)

2.16 (0.79–4.86)

1.85 (0.54–4.77)

1.01 (0.55–2.02)

Compared with itraconazole

 Posaconazole

0.13 (0.01–0.44)

254.7 (0.34–210.7)

0.33 (0.07–0.94)

2.44 (0.00–10.53)

0.73 (0.14–2.21)

7.20 (0.48–9.10)

0.56 (0.04–2.22)

1.24 (0.28–3.03)

 Voriconazole

0.72 (0.20–1.75)

508.9 (0.38–122.2)

0.73 (0.43–1.17)

n.e.

1.75 (0.42–5.19)

21.0 (0.02–1.40)

0.67 (0.23–1.51)

1.58 (0.77–2.79)

 Amphotericin B

1.88 (0.59–4.28)

2.14 (0.18–7.41)

0.99 (0.62–1.49)

1.89 (0.43–5.75)

1.91 (0.53–5.66)

2.10 (0.52–4.22)

0.79 (0.22–1.83)

0.73 (0.37–1.25)

 Caspofungin

1.17 (0.16–4.04)

256.1 (0.07–23.31)

0.96 (0.23–2.59)

4.26 (0.19–21.65)

0.70 (0.04–2.90)

1.08 (0.06–1.93)

1.58 (0.13–5.89)

1.20 (0.37–2.94)

 Micafungin

2.12 (0.36–6.92)

6.64 (0.01–22.84)

0.80 (0.29–1.86)

1.43 (0.04–6.53)

0.06 (0.00–0.29)

n.e.

n.e.

2.12 (0.43–5.55)

 Placebo

2.18 (0.94–4.36)

8.27 (1.51–26.57)

1.11 (0.73–1.59)

3.39 (1.07–8.30)

0.01 (0.00–0.02)

1.01 (0.42–2.02)

1.54 (0.55–3.52)

0.77 (0.42–1.34)

Compared with posaconazole

 Voriconazole

15.07 (1.09–76.67)

189.5 (0.02–46.78)

3.34 (0.67–10.58)

n.e.

3.77 (0.49–14.80)

625.1 (0.01–1.08)

4.33 (0.24–16.63)

1.88 (0.44–5.71)

 Amphotericin B

38.32 (2.97–184.9)

0.94 (0.00–5.56)

4.49 (1.04–13.86)

136.8 (0.13–579.6)

4.38 (0.61–16.00)

19.4 (0.12–4.10)

12.71 (0.24–19.62)

0.81 (0.25–2.23)

 Caspofungin

24.43 (0.98–139.1)

6.18 (0.00–11.56)

4.34 (0.54–16.84)

504.4 (0.10–1102.0)

1.59 (0.06–6.46)

2.66 (0.02–1.59)

86.88 (0.25–37.39)

1.73 (0.23–5.55)

 Micafungin

41.39 (2.43–212.8)

0.73 (0.00–4.27)

3.23 (0.85–9.95)

18.94 (0.13–90.85)

0.07 (0.00– –0.37)

n.e.

n.e.

1.89 (0.65–4.35)

 Placebo

44.78 (4.08–218.0)

3.67 (0.03–19.83)

4.98 (1.16–15.28)

247.5 (0.7–1074.0)

0.02 (0.00–0.03)

0.95 (0.09–2.10)

10.07 (0.59–39.75)

0.86 (0.27–2.47)

Compared with voriconazole

 Amphotericin B

3.42 (0.66–10.49)

1.30 (0.01–4.60)

1.45 (0.71–2.56)

n.e.

1.35 (0.36–3.87)

14.84 (1.40–48.77)

1.38 (0.33–3.58)

0.50 (0.22–1.01)

 Caspofungin

2.19 (0.20–9.42)

5.68 (0.00–11.71)

1.41 (0.31–3.99)

n.e.

0.53 (0.02–2.33)

72.68 (0.13–27.56)

3.44 (0.20–11.09)

0.85 (0.21–2.45)

 Micafungin

3.95 (0.47–14.71)

1.89 (0.00–7.79)

1.18 (0.37–2.91)

n.e.

0.05 (0.00–0.23)

n.e.

n.e.

1.47 (0.27–4.18)

 Placebo

3.99 (0.97–1.77)

3.81 (0.05–17.34)

1.62 (0.82–2.84)

n.e.

0.005 (0.00–0.01)

18.98 (0.65–40.86)

2.81 (0.72–7.96)

0.54 (0.23–1.14)

Compared with amphotericin B

 Caspofungin

0.79 (0.08–3.19)

60.34 (0.04–32.83)

1.02 (0.23–3.09)

4.69 (0.09–18.36)

0.51 (0.02–1.91)

0.92 (0.03–1.78)

2.89 (0.17–11.45)

1.89 (0.46–4.99)

 Micafungin

1.41 (0.19–5.25)

6.90 (0.01–21.80)

0.84 (0.30–1.96)

1.01 (0.02–5.01)

0.04 (0.00–0.19)

n.e.

n.e.

2.95 (0.71–7.23)

 Placebo

1.45 (0.39–4.01)

8.07 (0.83–33.43)

1.15 (0.71–1.77)

2.47 (0.53–7.03)

0.004 (0.00–0.01)

0.79 (0.22–1.79)

2.36 (0.76–6.55)

1.10 (0.65–1.83)

Compared with caspofungin

 Micafungin

3.43 (0.23–15.46)

38.0 (0.00–45.54)

1.21 (0.20–4.19)

1.78 (0.01–8.50)

0.66 (0.00–1.35)

n.e.

n.e.

2.43 (0.28–7.80)

 Placebo

3.56 (0.44–13.41)

185.0 (0.19–117.2)

1.66 (0.39–4.83)

3.78 (0.11–18.72)

0.05 (0.00–0.42)

38.59 (0.40–17.52)

2.96 (0.22–11.86)

0.87 (0.22–2.37)

Compared with micafungin

 Placebo

1.79 (0.27–5.89)

435.6 (0.27–743.0)

1.67 (0.59–3.60)

15.13 (0.42–75.43)

1.39 (0.00–1.52)

n.e.

n.e.

0.53 (0.15–1.60)

  1. The column treatment is compared with the row treatment (i.e., row treatment is the reference for each comparison). Numbers in parentheses indicate 95% credible interval. Numbers in bold represent statistically significant results
  2. AEs Adverse events, IA invasive Aspergillus infections, IC invasive Candida, IFIs invasive fungal infections, n.e. not estimated