Table 2 Comparison of clinicopathological features between the PD and the MD groups

Mean ± SD (range)

72.1 ± 8.6 (45–91)

69.7 ± 10.0 (38–86)

0.136

 Male

313 (76.5%)

38 (76.0%)

0.934

 Female

96 (23.5%)

12 (24.0%)

 Well differentiated

331 (80.9)

17 (34.0)

< 0.01

 Moderately differentiated

67 (16.4)

30 (60.0)

 Papillary

11 (2.7)

3 (6.0)

 Upper third

89 (21.8)

14 (28.0)

0.251

 Middle third

139 (34.0)

18 (36.0)

 Lower third

181 (44.2)

18 (36.0)

 Elevated (I,IIa)

131 (32.0)

15 (30.0)

0.388

 Flat (IIb)

3 (0.7)

1 (2.0)

 Depressed (IIc, III)

232 (56.7)

24 (48.0)

 Complex (elevated+depressed)

43 (10.5)

10 (20.0)

 Mean ± SD (range)

20.1 ± 15.1 (1–99)

37.3 ± 25.8 (4–128)

< 0.01

 Mucosa

313 (76.5)

17 (34.0)

< 0.01

 Submucosa, < 500 μm

48 (11.7)

11 (22.0)

 Submucosa, ≥500 μm

48 (11.7)

22 (44.0)

Lymphatic invasion

21 (5.1)

14 (28.0)

< 0.01

Vascular invasion

15 (3.7)

9 (18.0)

< 0.01

Ulceration

53 (13.0)

13 (26.0)

< 0.01

 ESD

369 (90.2)

27 (54.0)

< 0.01

 Gastrectomy

40 (9.8)

23 (46.0)

Non-curative resection (for ESD)

46 (12.5)

15 (55.6)

< 0.01

LNM

6 (1.5)

5 (10.0)

< 0.01