Fig. 3

Inulin and GOS increase the expression of clbA in E. coli strain NC101. a-b Growth curves of E. coli NC101 grown in 100 μM of iron sulfate and 40 mg/mL of inulin (a) or 40 mg/mL of GOS (b). c Fold change of clbA/16S rRNA expression in minimal medium supplemented with inulin or GOS, with or without 100 μM iron sulfate. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, n.s. non-significant compared to control (0 mg/mL oligosaccharides) and &&&P < 0.001; ANOVA