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Table 4 Uni- and multivariate analysis for poor disease specific survival

From: High tumor budding is a strong predictor of poor prognosis in the resected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients regardless of neoadjuvant therapy, showing survival similar to those without resection

Factors

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

p value

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

p value

Patient age (≥70 years)

0.742 (0.385–1.430)

0.373

  

Gender (male)

0.779 (0.408–1.486)

0.779

  

Pre-operative CEA level (≥ 5 ng/ml)

2.071 (1.021–4.199)

0.044

0.531 (0.241–1.319)

0.173

Pre-operative CA 19–9 level (≥ 100 U/ml)

1.479 (0.767–2.852)

0.243

  

Histological grade: G3

3.350 (1.514–7.414)

0.003

1.145 (0.433–3.025)

0.785

T stage: T4

2.366 (1.258–4.452)

0.008

1.221 (0.598–2.492)

0.584

N stage: N1 or N2

2.111 (1.115–3.994)

0.022

2.354 (1.010–5.487)

0.047

M stage: M1

9.524 (3.434–26.411)

< 0.001

1.655 (0.481–5.689)

0.424

Lymphovascular invasion

7.654 (2.349–24.937)

0.001

5.307 (1.530–18.413)

0.009

Perinueral invasion

28.161 (0.546–1451.390)

0.097

  

Non-curative resection

2.792 (1.471–5.299)

0.002

2.456 (1.116–5.408)

0.026

High TB

4.493 (2.276–8.870)

< 0.001

5.206 (1.985–13.655)

0.001

  1. Regional lymph node metastasis, lyphovascular invasion, non-curative resection, and High TB were identified as independent poor prognostic factors for DSS
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