Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

• Histological diagnosis of high-grade glioma (WHO grade III or IV)

• Announcement of a diagnosis

• Positive genomic DNA typing test for HLA-A*2402 (HLA Laboratory, Kyoto, Japan)

• Age between 16 and 79

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0–2

• Completion of standard treatment (surgical removal + radiotherapy concomitant with temozolomide)

• No prior surgery, irradiation, or chemotherapy 4 weeks before entry to the study

• No uncontrollable pleural, peritoneal or cardiac effusion

• Life expectancy > 3 months

• Written informed consents are obtained.

Lab values prior to vaccine

• Neutrophil count ≥1000/mm³

• Platelet count ≥500,00/mm³

• Hemoglobin level ≥ 8.0 g/dl, a

• Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase ≤4.0x the institutional normal upper limits

• Total bilirubin ≤1.5x

• Creatinine ≤2.0 mg/dL

• No uncontrollable pleural, peritoneal or cardiac effusion

• The presence of uncontrollable severe infectious diseases

• Adverse event of National Cancer Institute - Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC) grade 3 or 4

• Unable to take anything orally over 24 h

• Other uncontrolled malignant diseases

• Myeloproliferative diseases

• After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

• Active autoimmune diseases

• Severe drug allergy

• Concurrent treatment with steroids or immunosuppressive agents

• Pregnant women or patients who planned to become pregnant during the study period

• Psychiatric disorders

• Unhealed wound

• Decision of unsuitability by the principal investigator or the physician in charge.