Fig. 3

Short-term combination treatment with CKD-516 and IR induces persistent tumor necrosis and hypoxia. a Necrosis area by H&E staining (right panel) and quantified graph (left panel). b Hypoxic area by pimonidazole staining (right panel) and quantified graph (left panel). Tumor tissues obtained from sacrificed mice were stained with H&E or pimonidazole. Necrosis and areas of hypoxia were analyzed on whole slide images and the data were then compared between the five groups: vehicle (PBS), IR alone (4 Gy/day), CKD-516 alone (3 mg/kg), and CKD-516 (3 mg/kg, day 1 or days 1 and 5) combined with IR. The data are presented as the mean ± SE. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, and *** denotes p < 0.001. Scale bar: 2 mm