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Table 5 Competing risk multistate model

From: Impact of pre-existing cardiovascular disease on treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with lung cancer

Variable Cancer related death Non-cancer related death
HR (95% Confidence Limit) P value HR (95% Confidence Limit) P value
Age group
  < =60 Reference    
 61–70 1.05 (1.00–1.10) 0.074 1.24 (1.05–1.46) 0.010
 71–80 1.01 (0.96–1.06) 0.760 1.60 (1.36–1.88) < 0.0001
  > 80 1.07 (1.00–1.14) 0.037 1.34 (1.10–1.63) 0.004
Sex
 Male Reference    
 Female 0.89 (0.85–0.92) < 0.0001 0.95 (0.87–1.05) 0.340
Year of diagnosis 0.98 (0.98–0.99) < 0.0001 1.06 (1.05–1.08) < 0.0001
CCI score
 0 Reference    
 1 0.95 (0.89–1.02) 0.140 1.07 (0.88–1.31) 0.480
 2 1.11 (1.05–1.17) 0.001 1.10 (0.94–1.30) 0.250
CVD
 Without CVD Reference    
 With CVD 0.98 (0.94–1.03) 0.460 1.48 (1.33–1.64) < 0.0001
Grade
 1 Reference    
 2 1.43 (1.25–1.63) < 0.0001 1.18 (0.91–1.53) 0.220
 3 1.71 (1.51–1.94) < 0.0001 1.02 (0.78–1.34) 0.870
 Unknown 1.53 (1.35–1.73) < 0.0001 1.10 (0.84–1.44) 0.480
Histology
 Adenocarcinoma Reference    
 Carcinoid/LCNE 0.83 (0.72–0.96) 0.011 0.83 (0.59–1.167) 0.280
 Large cell ca 1.19 (1.01–1.41) 0.036 0.80 (0.49–1.321) 0.390
 Others 1.18 (1.12–1.24) < 0.0001 0.83 (0.72–0.949) 0.007
 SCC 1.00 (0.96–1.06) 0.780 1.16 (1.02–1.323) 0.030
 SCLC 1.40 (1.31–1.49) < 0.0001 0.96 (0.79–1.17) 0.700
T stage
 T0 Reference    
 T1 1.06 (0.79–1.42) 0.680 1.32 (0.50–3.47) 0.570
 T2 1.54 (1.16–2.06) 0.003 1.06 (0.40–2.77) 0.910
 T3 1.94 (1.44–2.62) < 0.0001 0.86 (0.32–2.32) 0.760
 T4 2.04 (1.53–2.72) < 0.0001 0.78 (0.30–2.05) 0.620
 Unknown 1.48 (1.10–1.99) 0.010 1.14 (0.43–2.99) 0.800
N stage
 N0 Reference    
 N1 1.38 (1.29–1.48) < 0.0001 0.80 (0.67–0.95) 0.011
 N2 1.69 (1.61–1.78) < 0.0001 0.53 (0.46–0.61) < 0.0001
 N3 1.73 (1.63–1.84) < 0.0001 0.56 (0.46–0.67) < 0.0001
 Unknown 1.45 (1.31–1.60) < 0.0001 0.87 (0.68–1.11) 0.250
M stage
 M0 Reference    
 M1 1.88 (1.80–1.96) < 0.0001 0.46 (0.40–0.52) < 0.0001
 Unknown 0.89 (0.76–1.04) 0.160 1.13 (0.79–1.62) 0.510
Lateral
 Bilateral Reference    
 Left 1.05 (0.88–1.26) 0.570 1.06 (0.56–1.99) 0.870
 Right 1.06 (0.89–1.28) 0.490 0.99 (0.53–1.88) 0.990
 Unknown 1.52 (1.21–1.90) < 0.0001 0.97 (0.45–2.10) 0.940
Surgery type
 No surgery Reference    
 Lobectomy or segmental 0.32 (0.30–0.35) < 0.0001 0.72 (0.59–0.88) 0.002
 Pneumonectomy 0.48 (0.40–0.57) < 0.0001 0.73 (0.48–1.13) 0.160
Chemotherapy
 0 Reference    
 1 0.47 (0.45–0.49) < 0.0001 1.14 (1.00–1.30) 0.047
Radiation
 0 Reference    
 1 0.74 (0.71–0.77) < 0.0001 0.90 (0.80–1.02) 0.110
Immunotherapy
 0 Reference    
 1 0.52 (0.32–0.85) 0.010 1.44 (0.33–6.31) 0.620
Surgery institution type
 Academic Reference    
 Community 1.07 (1.03–1.12) 0.002 0.72 (0.63–0.83) < 0.0001
Driving time to the nearest cancer center (hours)
 1 Reference    
 2 1.06 (0.99–1.13) 0.074 0.94 (0.79–1.11) 0.440
  > 2 0.88 (0.79–0.97) 0.013 1.15 (0.89–1.49) 0.290
Zone name
 Calgary Reference    
 Central 1.02 (0.95–1.09) 0.640 1.22 (1.02–1.46) 0.030
 Edmonton 1.09 (1.04–1.14) 0.001 0.84 (0.74–0.96) 0.009
 North 1.19 (1.07–1.32) 0.001 1.02 (0.77–1.34) 0.910
 South 1.10 (1.02–1.20) 0.019 1.15 (0.93–1.43) 0.190
Educational levela
  < = 80% Reference    
  > 80% 1.00 (0.96–1.04) 0.950 0.96 (0.86–1.07) 0.480
Income level
  < = 46 k Reference    
  > 46 k 1.02 (0.98–1.06) 0.430 0.92 (0.82–1.03) 0.160
  1. CCI Charlson’s comorbidity index, SCC Squamous cell cancer, SCLC Small cell lung cancer, LCNE Large Cell Neuroendocrine tumor. a80% of residents have high school and above level of education in the neighborhood
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BMC Cancer

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