Fig. 2

Antioxidant activity of A. oxyphylla. a 2,2-Azino-bis3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging ability of the ethanol fraction of A. oxyphylla. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) was used as a positive control. Quantification of the result from three independent experiments (n = 3) is shown as mean ± SD. b The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the ethanol fraction of A. oxyphyllal. Quantification of the results from three independent experiments (n = 3) is shown as mean ± SD. c HCT-116 cells were co-transfected with pARE (Antioxidant response element)-Luc and pRL-null, and luciferase activity was measured. The y-axis shows the number of fold induction of RLU (firefly luciferase activity/Renilla luciferase activity), compared with control of RLU. Quantification of the result from three independent transfections (n = 3) is shown as mean ± SD with statistical significance as *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001. d Western blot analysis was conducted to measure HO-1 (Heme oxygenase-1) levels. HCT-116 cell was treated with A. oxyphylla extract at various doses for 24 h. β-actin was measured as a loading control for the samples