Table 2 Comparisons of quality of life and symptoms between patients and controls: Results from questionnaires

 QLQ-C30 Global score, median [Q1;Q3]

94.87 [87.44; 98.72]

11 DM

94.15 [89.66; 98.21]

4 DM

0.71

 Global health status/QoL:

Worse global health (<=83.3), n(%)

117 (31.3)

2 DM

49 (26.5)

3 DM

0.25

 Physical Functioning: score < 100, n (%)

136 (36.5)

3 DM

63 (34.1)

3 DM

0.58

 Role Functioning: score < 100, n (%)

71 (19)

3 DM

25 (13.5)

3 DM

0.11

 Emotional Functioning: score < 100, n(%)

204 (54.6)

2 DM

89 (48.1)

3 DM

0.15

 Cognitive Functioning: score < 100, n(%)

170 (45.6)

3 DM

99 (53.5)

3 DM

0.0799†

 Social Functioning: score < 100, n (%)

91 (24.3)

2 DM

30 (16.3)

4 DM

0.0332*

 Fatigue: score > 0, n (%)

167 (44.7)

2 DM

84 (45.4)

3 DM

0.87

 Nausea/Vomiting: score > 0, n (%)

16 (4.3)

2 DM

6 (3.2)

3 DM

0.56

 Pain: score > 0, n (%)

86 (23)

2 DM

61 (33)

3 DM

0.0131*

 Dyspnea: score > 0, n(%)

82 (22)

4 DM

23 (12.4)

3 DM

0.0078*

 Insomnia: score > 0, n (%)

128 (34.2)

2 DM

70 (37.8)

3 DM

0.40

 Appetite loss: score > 0, n (%)

19 (5.1)

4 DM

11 (6)

3 DM

0.68

 Constipation: score > 0, n (%)

69 (18.5)

3 DM

44 (23.8)

3 DM

0.15

 Diarrhea: score > 0, n (%)

53 (14.3)

5 DM

24 (13)

3 DM

0.67

 Financial Problems: score > 0, n (%)

22 (6)

10 DM

6 (3.3)

5 DM

0.18

 Mild

254 (72.4)

141 (78.8)

0.107

 Moderate

77 (21.9)

31 (17.3)

 Severe

20 (5.7)

25 DM

7 (3.9)

9 DM

 Severe erectile dysfunction

209 (65.5)

55 (32)

<  0.0001

 Moderate dysfunction

28 (8.8)

19 (11.2)

 Mild to moderate dysfunction

26 (8.2)

13 (7.6)

 Mild dysfunction

20 (6.3)

26 (15.1)

 No dysfunction

36 (11.3)

57 DM

59 (34.3)

16 DM

 Voiding score (VS)

2 [0; 5]

17 DM

2 [1; 5]

6 DM

0.78

 Incontinence score (IS)

3 [1; 6]

16 DM

2 [0; 3]

5 DM

< 0.0001

 Frequency of diurnal urination

0.0884

- 1–6 times per day

213 (58.4)

124 (66.3)

- 7–8 times per day

107 (29.3)

43 (23)

- ≥9 times per day

45 (12.3)

11 DM

20 (10.7)

1 DM

 Frequency of nocturnal urination

0.99

- Never

74 (20.1)

33 (17.9)

- 1 time per night

191 (51.9)

93 (50.5)

- ≥ 2 times per night

103 (28)

8 DM

58 (31.5)

4DM

 Absence of anxiety

266 (74.9)

140 (77.4)

0.64

 Suspected anxiety

59 (16.6)

31 (17.1)

 Probable anxiety

30 (8.5)

21 DM

10 (5.5)

7 DM

 Absence of depression

303 (85.1)

155 (87.6)

0.44

 Suspected depression

36 (10.1)

15 (8.5)

 Probable depression

17 (4.8)

20 DM

7 (4)

11 DM

 Absence of anxio-depressive troubles

277 (80.8)

149 (85.6)

0.17

 Presence of anxio-depressive troubles

66 (19.2)

33 DM

25 (14.4)

14 DM