Clinical characteristics of hyperprogressive disease in NSCLC after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Definition of hyperprogressive disease in each included study

Study	Definition of HPD
Ferrara R [7]	PD at first evaluation and (TGRpost-TGRpre)/ TGRpre^a > 50%
Lo Russo G [15]	Fulfilling at least 3 of the following 5 criteria: (1) Time to treatment failure < 2 months; (2) > 50% increase in the sum of target lesions major diameters between baseline and first radiologic evaluation; (3) appearance of at least two new lesions in an organ already involved between baseline and first radiologic evaluation; (4) spread of the disease to a new organ between baseline and first radiologic evaluation; 5) ECOG ≥2 during the first 2 months of treatment
Tunali I [16]	PD at first evaluation, TGRpost/TGRpre^a ≥ 2 and time to treatment failure < 2 months
Kim CG [13]	PD at first evaluation, TGRpost/TGRpre^a ≥ 2 and TGKpost/TGKpre^b ≥ 2
Kim Y [14]	PD at first evaluation, TGKpost/TGKpre^c ≥ 2, time to treatment failure < 2 months and > 50% increase of total tumor volume compared with baseline volume
Castello A [17]	The same criteria proposed by Lo Russo G

ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, HPD hyperprogressive disease, PD progressive disease at the first response evaluation after treatment, TGK tumor growth kinetics, TGR tumor growth rate
^aTGR was calculated according to Champiat et al [4] as the log-scale calibrated change in the sum of the volumes of the target lesions according to RECIST 1.1 criteria per month
^bTGK was defined as the difference in the sum of the largest diameters of the target lesions according to RECIST 1.1 per month
^cTGK was defined as the difference of total tumor volume per month

ISSN: 1471-2407