Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
|  | Control group (n = 92) | Intervention group (n = 61) |
|---|---|---|
age | ||
 Mean (median); percentile 25/75 | 58.9 (60.0); 49/73 | 58.6 (59.0); 52/68 |
Gender; % (n) | ||
 male | 43 (40) | 49 (30) |
 female | 57 (52) | 51 (31) |
Live alone in household; % (n) | ||
 yes | 35 (32) | 36 (22) |
School education; % (n) | ||
 Basic school education | 7 (6) | 17 (10) |
 Higher school education/job training | 78 (71) | 67 (40) |
 University education | 15 (14) | 17 (10) |
Months since diagnosis | ||
 Mean (median); percentile 25/75 | 27.4 (6.0); 2/31 | 17.4 (3.0); 1/11 |
Diagnosis; % (n) | ||
 Gynecological | 24 (22) | 16 (10) |
 Gastrointestinal | 22 (20) | 20 (12) |
 Ear nose and throat | 13 (12) | 23 (14) |
 LungCa | 11 (10) | 15 (9) |
 Hematological | 7 (6) | 3 (2) |
 BoneCa | 7 (6) | 2 (1) |
 BreastCa | 5 (5) | 8 (5) |
 Other (prostate, skin, thoracic, etc) | 10 (9) | 13 (8) |
 Missing | 2 (2) | 0 |
Painduration in months | ||
 Mean (median); percentile 25/75 | 20.6 (2.0); 1/9 | 5.0 (2.0); 0/5 |
Pain pattern; % (n) | ||
 Constant pain, minor fluctuations | 34 (31) | 25 (15) |
 Constant pain, major fluctuations | 33 (30) | 41 (24) |
 No constant pain but pain attacks | 32 (29) | 34 (20) |
Performance status (ECOG) | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 2.4 (3.0); 2/3 | 2.2 (2.0); 2/3 |
PHQ-2 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 2.9 (3.0); 2/4 | 2.6 (2.5); 2/4 |
Questionnaires completed; % (n)a | ||
 Baseline only | 20 (18) | 15 (9) |
 Baseline and T2b | 70 (64) | 74 (45) |
 Complete datasets | 59 (54) | 57 (35) |
BPI pain interference total score T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 5.6 (6); 4/7 | 5.0 (5); 4/6 |
BPI worst pain T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 7.9 (8.0); 7/9 | 7.1 (7.5); 5.5/9 |
BPI average pain T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 5.9 (6); 5/7 | 5.2 (5.0); 4/6.5 |
BQIIG12 T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 2.1 (2); 1.5/3 | 2.1 (2); 1/2.5 |
FESS total score T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 2.4 (2); 1.5/3 | 2.2 (2); 1/3 |
Health status T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentiles 25/75 | 3.0 (3); 2/4 | 2.9 (3); 2/4 |
Quality of life T0 | ||
 Mean (median); Percentiles 25/75 | 3.1 (3); 2/4 | 2.8 (3); 2/3 |
Analgesic medication; % (n)c | ||
 No analgesics | 2 (2) | 2 (1) |
 Non-opioids | 23 (21) | 20 (12) |
 Weak opioids | 6 (5) | 30 (18) |
 Strong opioids | 69 (63) | 48 (29) |
Co-Analgesics; % (n) | ||
 yes | 28 (25) | 17 (10) |
Medication schedule; % (n) | ||
 No pain medication | 2 (2) | 0 |
 Fixed and as needed analgesics | 77 (70) | 82 (49) |
 Only fixed scheduled analgesic | 14 (13) | 13 (8) |
 Only as needed analgesics | 7 (6) | 5 (3) |
Daily morphine equivalent | ||
 Mean (median); Percentile 25/75 | 62.3 (40); 0/94 | 43.8 (20); 0/63 |
Inadequate analgesia according to PMI; % (n)d | ||
 yes | 26 (23) | 20 (12) |