Table 3 Tumor budding and associations with pathological features
Budding on H&E | Budding on IHC | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
negative | positive | P | negative | positive | P | |||||
All patients, n (%) | 65 | (63.1) | 38 | (36.9) | 44 | (44.4) | 55 | (55.6) | ||
Tumor size | ||||||||||
Mean, cm (SD) | 2.9 | (1.4) | 3.4 | (2.2) | 0.192 | 2.7 | (1.4) | 3.3 | (2.0) | 0.064 |
CRM | ||||||||||
Mean, mm (SD) | 18.4 | (18.3) | 9.4 | (15.8) | 0.010 | 19.1 | (15.6) | 12.4 | (19.3) | 0.061 |
Quirke Grade, n (%) | ||||||||||
Poor | 0 | (0) | 5 | (100) | 0.004 | 0 | (0) | 4 | (100) | 0.218 |
Suboptimal | 13 | (81.3) | 3 | (18.8) | 8 | (50.0) | 8 | (50.0) | ||
Optimal | 49 | (69.0) | 22 | (31.0) | 34 | (48.6) | 36 | (51.4) | ||
Not described | 3 | 8 | 2 | 7 | ||||||
ypT stage, n (%) | ||||||||||
T0–1 | 10 | (100) | 0 | (0) | 0.001 | 9 | (90.0) | 1 | (10.0) | 0.001 |
T2 | 26 | (81.3) | 6 | (18.8) | 19 | (61.3) | 12 | (38.7) | ||
T3 | 25 | (49.0) | 26 | (51.0) | 15 | (30.6) | 34 | (69.4) | ||
T4 | 4 | (40.0) | 6 | (60.0) | 1 | (11.1) | 8 | (88.9) | ||
ypN stage, n (%) | ||||||||||
N0 | 40 | (76.9) | 12 | (23.1) | 0.006 | 29 | (58.0) | 21 | (42.0) | 0.021 |
N1 | 20 | (54.1) | 17 | (45.9) | 12 | (32.4) | 25 | (67.6) | ||
N2 | 5 | (35.7) | 9 | (64.3) | 3 | (25.0) | 9 | (75.0) | ||
Grading, n (%) | ||||||||||
G1 | 2 | (66.7) | 1 | (33.3) | 0.021 | 2 | (66.7) | 1 | (33.3) | 0.290 |
G2 | 47 | (67.1) | 23 | (32.9) | 31 | (44.9) | 38 | (55.1) | ||
G3 | 16 | (64.0) | 9 | (36.0) | 11 | (47.8) | 12 | (52.2) | ||
G4 | 0 | (0) | 5 | (100) | 0 | (0) | 4 | (100) | ||
Dworak’s regression, n (%) | ||||||||||
Grade 1 | 2 | (20.0) | 8 | (80.0) | 0.001 | 1 | (10.0) | 9 | (90.0) | 0.001 |
Grade 2 | 47 | (62.7) | 28 | (37.3) | 29 | (40.8) | 42 | (59.2) | ||
Grade 3 | 16 | (88.9) | 2 | (11.1) | 14 | (77.8) | 4 | (22.2) | ||
Venous invasion, n (%) | ||||||||||
V0 | 58 | (68.2) | 27 | (31.8) | 0.030 | 38 | (46.3) | 44 | (53.7) | 0.404 |
V1 | 7 | (38.9) | 11 | (61.1) | 6 | (35.3) | 11 | (64.7) | ||
Lymphatic invasion, n (%) | ||||||||||
L0 | 61 | (66.3) | 31 | (33.7) | 0.055 | 44 | (50.0) | 44 | (50.0) | 0.001 |
L1 | 4 | (36.4) | 4 | (63.6) | 0 | (0) | 11 | (100) | ||
Perineural invasion, n (%) | ||||||||||
Pn0 | 62 | (71.3) | 25 | (28.7) | 0.001 | 43 | (51.2) | 41 | (48.8) | 0.001 |
Pn1 | 3 | (18.8) | 13 | (81.3) | 1 | (6.7) | 14 | (93.3) | ||
Resection margin, n (%) | ||||||||||
R0 | 64 | (66.0) | 33 | (34.0) | 0.021 | 43 | (45.7) | 51 | (54.3) | 0.792 |
R1 | 1 | (20.0) | 4 | (80.0) | 1 | (25.0) | 3 | (75.0) | ||
R2 | 0 | (0) | 1 | (100) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (100) | ||