Table 2 Overall survival analyses for training and validation cohorts

  High vs. low

5.221 (2.073–13.146)

< 0.001*

1.596 (1.020–2.497)

0.039*

1.774 (1.145–2.749)

0.02*

  High vs. low

0.869

  > 60y vs. ≤60y

0.462 (0.178–1.196)

0.112

1.111 (0.762–1.621)

0.584

2.029 (1.149–3.585)

0.015*

  Female vs. male

1.143 (0.427–3.062)

0.790

0.890 (0.605–1.309)

0.554

1.154 (0.747–1.781)

0.519

  Stage II- III vs. I

2.841 (1.230–6.558)

0.014*

1.715 (1.287–2.287)

0.000*

2.654 (1.153–6.110)

0.022*

  Rectum vs. colon

0.909 (0.354–2.333)

0.842

1.861 (1.271–2.727)

0.001*

1.140 (0.667–1.947)

0.632

  High vs. low

5.061 (1.833–13.968)

0.002*

1.572 (1.001–2.467)

0.049*

1.624 (1.047–2.520)

0.031*