Fig. 4

Effects of cisplatin (CDDP) alone or with caffeine (caf), citrate (CA), or caffeine citrate (cafCA) on apoptosis of human (HOS) and human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080). a Representative immunofluorescence microscopic findings of mitochondrial membrane potential expression. Scale bar = 50 μm. The number in the Overlay panels shows the intensity of luminance per cell when the non-drug is based on 100%. b Effects of various treatments on the mean luminance of mitochondrial membrane potential. Data are mean luminance of mitochondrial membrane potential in five microscopic fields with standard deviations. TMRE, tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester