Table 2 Factors associated with recurrence-free survival

Immunotherapy (Yes vs No)

0.42 (0.22–0.80)

0.008

0.38 (0.20–0.73)

0.004

Sex (male vs female)

0.93 (0.46–1.88)

0.85

–

–

Age (≥ 58 yrs vs < 58 yrs)^a

0.94 (0.51–1.72)

0.84

–

–

Treatment modality (Resection vs RFA)

1.73 (0.76–3.95)

0.19

–

–

HCC stage (II vs I)

1.54 (0.83–2.87)

0.17

–

–

Number of HCC (≥ 3 vs < 3)

2.39 (0.57–9.95)

0.23

–

–

Size of HCC (≥ 2.75 cm vs < 2.75 cm)^a

2.67 (1.39–5.11)

0.003

2.47 (1.25–4.90)

0.01

Cause of liver disease

0.51

–

–

 HBV infection

1 (reference)

 HCV infection

0.78 (0.24–2.55)

 Others

1.77 (0.30–10.62)

Cirrhosis (Yes vs No)

1.45 (0.77–2.73)

0.25

–

–

α-fetoprotein (≥ 4 ng/mL vs < 4 ng/mL)^a

1.93 (1.03–3.61)

0.04

1.12 (0.54–2.31)

0.76

PIVKA-II (≥ 20 mAU/mL vs < 20 mAU/mL)^a

0.74 (0.40–1.36)

0.34

–

–

Aspartate aminotransferase (≥ 30 IU/L vs < 30 IU/L)^a

1.99 (1.04–3.79)

0.04

1.62 (0.81–3.24)

0.17

Alanine aminotransferase (≥ 27 IU/L vs < 27 IU/L)^a

1.60 (0.86–2.97)

0.14

–

–

Alkaline phosphatase (≥ 83 IU/L vs < 83 IU/L)^a

1.73 (0.92–3.27)

0.09

–

–

Albumin (≥ 4.2 g/dL vs < 4.2 g/dL)^a

0.36 (0.19–0.68)

0.001

0.51 (0.25–1.04)

0.06

Total bilirubin (≥ 0.7 mg/dL vs < 0.7 mg/dL)^a

1.40 (0.74–2.64)

0.31

–

–

Prothrombin time, INR (≥ 1.09 vs < 1.09)^a

1.56 (0.83–2.90)

0.17

–

–

Creatinine (≥ 0.85 mg/dL vs < 0.85 mg/dL)^a

0.82 (0.44–1.50)

0.52

–

–

Platelet (≥ 173 mm³ vs < 173 mm³)^a

0.69 (0.36–1.32)

0.27

–

–

Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (≥ 4.36 vs < 4.36)^a

0.47 (0.25–0.89)

0.02

0.87 (0.40–1.90)

0.72