Table 4 Subgroup analysis for sex difference of gastric cancer (former smoker versus never smoker)
Group | RRR and 95% CI | P value | Heterogeneity (%) | P value for heterogeneity | P value for interaction test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Publication year | |||||
2000 or after | 1.17 (0.85–1.59) | 0.332 | 60.0 | 0.029 | 0.731 |
Before 2000 | 1.28 (0.65–2.51) | 0.471 | 0.0 | 0.534 | |
Country | |||||
Asia | 1.35 (1.05–1.74) | 0.019 | 0.0 | 0.606 | 0.528 |
Europe or US | 1.10 (0.73–1.66) | 0.648 | 59.7 | 0.029 | |
Follow-up duration (years) | |||||
10 or greater | 1.17 (0.89–1.55) | 0.252 | 0.0 | 0.638 | 0.417 |
< 10 | 1.35 (1.02–1.80) | 0.038 | 27.3 | 0.240 | |
Outcomes | |||||
GC incidence | 1.03 (0.51–2.07) | 0.936 | 73.9 | 0.009 | 0.436 |
GC mortality | 1.25 (1.03–1.51) | 0.022 | 0.0 | 0.726 | |
Adjusted BMI or not | |||||
Yes | 0.86 (0.38–1.93) | 0.714 | 74.2 | 0.009 | 0.171 |
No | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 0.019 | 0.0 | 0.630 | |
Adjusted alcohol consumption | |||||
Yes | 0.92 (0.45–1.89) | 0.828 | 73.9 | 0.009 | 0.213 |
No | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 0.020 | 0.0 | 0.592 | |
NOS score | |||||
7 or 8 | 1.32 (1.09–1.59) | 0.004 | 12.1 | 0.337 | 0.001 |
< 7 | 0.34 (0.12–0.93) | 0.036 | 0.0 | 0.680 | |