Fig. 2

Constraint on mutations belonging to different evolutionary categories. a A schematic diagram showing the definition of mutation to monkey. The phylogenetic tree is unscaled. b Fractions of SNPs that the reference allele is observed in mouse and the alternative allele is observed in monkey. P-value was calculated using Fisher’s exact test. c A schematic diagram showing the definition of mutation to mouse. The phylogenetic tree is unscaled. d Fractions of SNPs that the reference allele is observed in monkey and the alternative allele is observed in mouse. P-value was calculated using Fisher’s exact test. “onco” denotes cancer-related genes; “non-onco” denotes other genes. The clip arts of human/monkey/mouse were drawn by ourselves