Early venous thromboembolism at the beginning of palliative chemotherapy is a poor prognostic factor in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study

Table 5 Factors associated with early venous thromboembolism (N = 216)

	No or late VTE		Early VTE		Total	P-value
	N	%	N	%	N	P-value
Age
< 70	131	87.3	19	12.7	150	0.147
≥ 70	62	93.9	4	3.1	66
Sex
Male	121	92.4	10	7.6	131	0.075
Female	72	84.7	13	15.3	85
BSA
< 1.8	177	90.3	19	9.7	196	0.155
≥ 1.8	16	80	4	20	20
BMI
< 30 kg/m²	188	89.5	22	10.5	210	0.628
≥ 30 kg/m²	5	83.3	1	16.7	6
DM
No	106	86.2	23	17	123	0.082
Yes	87	93.5	6	6.5	93
Site of primary mass
Head	89	88.1	12	11.9	101	0.261
Body	34	97.1	1	2.9	35
Tail	70	87.5	10	12.5	80
Previous surgery
Palliative	11	91.7	1	8.3	12	0.789
None	182	89.2	22	10.8	204
ECOG PS
0–1	174	88.8	22	11.2	196	0.390
2–3	19	95	1	5	20
WBC
< 11,000/μL	162	89.5	19	10.5	181	0.87
≥ 11,000/μL	31	88.6	4	11.4	35
Hb
< 10 g/dL	28	84.8	5	15.2	33	0.276
≥ 10 g/dL	165	90.2	18	9.8	183
Platelet
< 350,000/μL	172	91.5	16	8.5	188	0.008
≥ 350,000/μL	21	75	7	25	28
Khorana score
Intermediate-risk (2)	126	93.3	9	6.7	135	0.014
High-risk (≥3)	67	82.7	14	17.3	81
Na
< 135 mmol/L	26	76.5	8	23.5	34	0.008
≥ 135 mmol/L	167	91.8	15	8.2	182
CA19–9
< 1000 U/mL	105	89.7	12	10.3	117	0.839
≥ 1000 U/mL	88	88.9	11	11.1	99
Number of metastatic organs
< 3	45	95.7	2	4.3	47	0.108
≥ 3	148	87.6	21	12.4	169

BSA body surface area, BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, WBC white blood cell, Hb Hemoglobin, PLT platelet, CA19–9 cancer antigen 19–9

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