Table 5 Intervention details of included studies
Author (Date) | System | Game(s) | Intervention | Comparison Group(s) | Delivered by | Outcome Measures (Method of assessment (Significant findings)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Betker, et al. [49] | COP-controlled video game-based exercise tool with pressure mat. | Under Pressure, Memory Match and Tic-Tac-Toe. | 3 sessions/week for first two weeks, 2 sessions/week during third week. 45 min per session. 3 week duration. | None | Physiotherapist | Feasibility/Acceptability: (Custom questionnaire) Balance: Fall count, COP excursion limits and COP sway path (Pressure mat). Emotions/Cognition: (Custom questionnaire). |
Nintendo Wii | Wii Fit Plus: Downhill skiing, soccer, golf and video game activities. | Walking: 5 sessions/week, 5 min per session during week one, increase by 5 min per day each week if perceived self-efficacy > 70%. Balance: 5 sessions/week. 16 week duration. | None | Nurse | Feasibility/Acceptability: Acceptability and adherence (Recruitment rate, adherence %, custom questionnaire). Balance: Perceived balance self-efficacy (Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale) Fatigue: Cancer-related fatigue severity (BFI), perceived fatigue self-management self-efficacy (PSEFSM). Physical Activity: Perceived walking duration self-efficacy (Self-efficacy for Walking Duration Instrument), daily Steps (pedometer). | |
House, et al. [47] | BrightArm Duo Rehabilitation System | Breakout 3D, Card Island, Remember that Card, Musical Drums, Xylophone, Pick & Place, Arm Slalom, Avalanche and Treasure Hunt. | 2 sessions/week, progressed from 20 to 50 min per session. 8 weeks duration. Table tilt progressively increased each session from 0° to 20°. | None | Occupational Therapist | Feasibility/Acceptability: Acceptability and adherence (Custom questionnaire). Function: Arm movements and hand grasp repetitions (BrightArm system), UE ROM (mechanical goniometer (Pre- to post-training: Affected shoulder internal rotation (p = 0.05). Pre-training to follow-up: Affected shoulder adduction (p = 0.05), external rotation (p = 0.04), internal rotation (p = 0.01), affected elbow pronation (p = 0.03) and unaffected shoulder adduction (p = 0.04)), UE function (FMA, CAHAI-9, UEFI-20 (Post-training to follow-up p = 0.004), JHFT). Strength: Grasp strength (Hand grip, two finger pinch, three finger pinch), shoulder strength (wrist weights (Pre- to post-training: Anterior and lateral deltoid affected arm strength (p = 0.05). Post-training to follow-up: Lateral deltoid unaffected arm strength (p = 0.03)). Emotions: (BDI-II, NAB, HVLT-R, BVMT-R, TMT (Pre- to post-training: BDI-II (p = 0.04), BVMT-R (p = 0.007))). Pain: (NRS). |
Jahn, et al. [26] | Nintendo Wii | Wii Sports, Family Trainer, Sports Island and Family Ski & Snowboard. | ≥5 sessions/week, ≥30 min per session. 1 week duration. | None | Research Staff | Feasibility/Acceptability: Applicability and acceptability (Semi-structured interview). Emotions: Enjoyment and emotions (Semi-structured interview) |
Sajid, et al. [46] | Nintendo Wii | Wii Fit (Game(s) not specified). | Similar mode, intensity and duration as EXCAP with balance addition. 12 week duration. | 1) EXCAP ≥5 sessions/week. Walking: 60–70% HR reserve and RPE of 3–5. Increase daily steps by 5–20%. Resistance Bands: RPE of 3–5. Increase intensity by switching to higher resistance band. 2) Usual Care. | Exercise Physiologist | Balance: (SPPB* (Wii (p = 0.015), EXCAP v usual care (p = 0.038))). Function: (SPPB), Physical Activity: Steps per day (pedometer (EXCAP v usual care (p = 0.006)), 6MWT. Strength: Muscle strength and muscle mass (SPPB, hand grip, chest press, DEXA body composition (Wii lean muscle atrophy (p = 0.045)), |
Tsuda, et al. [48] | Nintendo Wii | Wii Fit with Balance Board; Hula Hoop and Basic Step. | 5 session/week, ≈20 min per session. Until hospital discharge. Median length of follow-up of 23.5 days. | None | Physiotherapist | Feasibility/Acceptability: Adherence (Adherence %), safety (CTCAE version 3.0). Balance: (One-leg stand time). Function: (Barthel Index, TUG, IADL). Strength: (Grip strength, knee-extension strength). Emotions: Psychosocial functioning (HADS). |
Yoon, et al. [20] | IREX System | Birds & Balls, Conveyor, Drums, Juggler, Coconuts and Soccer. | 3 sessions/week, 30 min per session, alongside COT 2 sessions/week, 30 min per session. 3 weeks duration. | 1) COT. 5 sessions/week, 30 min per session. 3 weeks duration. | Occupational Therapist | Function: UE function (Modified Ashworth scale, MFT (Intervention (p < 0.001), intervention v control in SEF (p = 0.007). Control v intervention in hand function (p = 0.01)), BBT (Intervention (p < 0.001), intervention v control (p = 0.044)), FMA (Intervention total score (p = 0.0014) and SEF section (p = 0.048). Intervention v control during SEF (p = 0.012). Control v intervention during hand function (p = 0.046))), activities of daily living (K-MBI (Intervention (p = 0.005))). |