Table 1 Characteristics of patients according to BRAF status
From: Ineffective anti PD-1 therapy after BRAF inhibitor failure in advanced melanoma
Wild-type BRAF | Mutated BRAF | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 33 | n = 41 | ||
Demographic characteristics | |||
Median age at diagnosis, years [IQR] | 59.4 [46.6–72.4] | 51.3 [38.9–65.3] | 0.10 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.32 | ||
Male | 23 (69.7) | 24 (58.5) | |
Female | 10 (30.3) | 17 (41.5) | |
Clinical characteristics | |||
ECOG-PS ≥1, n (%) | 13 (39.4) | 33 (80.5) | < 0.001 |
Brain metastasis at initial stage IV disease, n (%) | 3 (9.1) | 14 (34.1) | 0.01 |
Brain metastasis at first anti PD-1 administration, n (%) | 6 (18.2) | 25 (61.0) | < 0.001 |
Number of metastatic sites at anti PD-1 initiation | 0.04 | ||
≤ 3, n (%) | 16 (48.5) | 17 (41.5) | |
> 3, n (%) | 8 (24.2) | 20 (48.8) | |
Elevated LDH before PD-1, n (%) | 18 (54.5) | 19 (46.3) | 0.78 |
Tumor characteristics | |||
Known primary, n (%) | 28 (84.8) | 39 (95.1) | 0.13 |
Location of primary | |||
Head and neck, n (%) | 3 (10.7) | 8 (20.5) | |
Palms and soles, n (%) | 5 (17.9) | 0 (0) | |
Upper and lower extremities, n (%) | 11 (39.3) | 16 (41.0) | |
Trunk, n (%) | 9 (32.1) | 15 (38.5) | |
Histopathological features | |||
Acrolentiginous melanoma, n (%) | 7 (25.0) | 0 (0) | |
Desmoplastic, n (%) | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0) | |
Nodular melanoma, n (%) | 4 (14.3) | 10 (25.6) | |
Superficial Spreading Melanoma, n (%) | 13 (46.4) | 23 (59.0) | |
Non classable, n (%) | 2 (7.1) | 4 (10.3) | |
Breslow index, mm [IQR] | 3.6 [1.8–4.8] | 3.0 [1.8–4.2] | 0.52 |
Ulceration, n (%) | 16 (48.5) | 17 (41.5) | 0.04 |
Sentinel lymph node status, n (%) | 15 (45.5) | 17 (41.5) | 0.26 |
Treatment characteristics | |||
Number of lines of therapy before anti PD-1 | 0.12 | ||
1, n (%) | 21 (63.6) | 36 (87.8) | |
≥ 2, n (%) | 12 (36.4) | 5 (12.2) | |
Period of systemic therapy before anti PD-1, months [IQR] | 3 [3–11.5] | 9 [6–20.5] | 0.007 |
BRAF Inhibitor, n (%) | 15 (36.6) | ||
BRAF + MEK inhibitors, n (%) | 26 (63.4) | ||
Ipilimumab before anti PD-1, n (%) | 31 (93.9) | 5 (12.2) | |
Anti PD-1 therapy | |||
Nivolumab, n (%) | 22 (66.7) | 36 (87.8) | |
Pembrolizumab, n (%) | 11 (33.3) | 5 (12.2) | |
Immune mediated toxicities, n (%) | 15 (35.5) | 4 (9.8) | 0.003 |
Cutaneous rash, n (%) | 5 (38.5) | 0 (0) | |
Diarrhea/enterocolitis, n (%) | 1 (7.7) | 2 (50) | |
Hepatitis, n (%) | 2 (15.4) | 0 (0) | |
Hypophysitis, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | |
Lung toxicity, n (%) | 3 (23.1) | 1 (25) | |
Thyroiditis, n (%) | 2 (15.4) | 0 (0) | |
Vitiligo, n (%) | 7 (46.7) | 2 (50) | |
Other, n (%) | 8 (61.5) | 1 (25) | |