Table 1 Clinical and laboratory features of the subjects included in the study
Characteristics | Discovery study | Replication study | Combined study | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (%) | Controls (%) | P | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | P | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | P | |
n | 280 | 255 | 549 | 510 | 829 | 765 | |||
Age (ys, mean ± SD) | 55.1 ± 14.6 | 41.5 ± 9.1 | < 0.001a | 56.6 ± 11.3 | 47.2 ± 10.7 | < 0.001a | 56.0 ± 13.6 | 44.8 ± 10.3 | < 0.001a |
Gender (F/M) | 53/227 | 91/164 | < 0.001b | 125/424 | 167/343 | < 0.001b | 178/651 | 258/507 | < 0.001b |
Smoking | 99 (35.36) | 56 (21.96) | 0.001b | 231 (42.08) | 145 (28.43) | < 0.001b | 330 (39.81) | 201 (26.27) | < 0.001b |
Missing | 5 (1.79) | 7 (2.75) | 22 (4.01) | 26 (5.10) | 27 (3.26) | 33 (3.98) | |||
Drinking | 95 (33.93) | 54 (21.18) | 0.001b | 210 (38.25) | 129 (25.29) | < 0.001b | 305 (36.79) | 183 (23.92) | < 0.001b |
Missing | 8 (2.86) | 7 (2.75) | 28 (5.10) | 29 (5.69) | 36 (4.34) | 36 (4.71) | |||
HBsAg+ | 224 (80.00) | 0 (0.00) | 419 (76.32) | 0 (0.00) | 643 (77.56) | ||||
Anti-HCV | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.73) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.48) | 0 (0.00) | |||
Anti-HIV | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.36) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.24) | 0 (0.00) | |||
Serum AFP (>25 μg/L) | 233 (83.21) | 0 (0.00) | 431 (78.51) | 0 (0.00) | 664 (80.10) | 0 (0.00) | |||
Tumor size (cm) | |||||||||
≤5 | 65 (23.21) | 139 (25.32) | 204 (24.61) | ||||||
>5, ≤10 | 93 (33.21) | 273 (49.73) | 366 (44.15) | ||||||
>10 | 122 (43.57) | 137 (24.95) | 259 (31.24) | ||||||
Cirrhosis | |||||||||
No | 16 (5.71) | 38 (6.92) | 54 (6.51) | ||||||
Yes | 260 (92.86) | 504 (91.80) | 764 (92.16) | ||||||
Missing | 4 (1.43) | 7 (1.28) | 11 (1.33) | ||||||
Tumor morphology | |||||||||
No residual tumor | 19 (6.79) | 43 (7.83) | 62 (7.48) | ||||||
Uninodular tumor | 55 (19.64) | 89 (16.21) | 144 (17.37) | ||||||
Multinodular tumor | 107 (38.21) | 228 (41.53) | 335 (40.41) | ||||||
Massive tumor | 92 (32.86) | 168 (30.60) | 260 (31.36) | ||||||
Missing | 7 (2.50) | 21 (3.83) | 28 (3.38) | ||||||
Differentiation | |||||||||
Well | 31 (11.07) | 77 (14.03) | 108 (13.03) | ||||||
Moderate | 78 (27.86) | 195 (35.52) | 273 (32.93) | ||||||
Poor | 171 (61.07) | 277 (50.46) | 448 (54.04) | ||||||
Metastasis | |||||||||
Abscent | 81 (28.93) | 189 (34.43) | 270 (32.57) | ||||||
Present | 193 (68.93) | 347 (63.21) | 540 (65.14) | ||||||
Missing | 6 (2.14) | 13 (2.37) | 19 (2.29) | ||||||
TNM stage | |||||||||
I | 53 (18.93) | 148 (26.96) | 201 (24.25) | ||||||
II | 95 (33.93) | 230 (41.89) | 325 (39.20) | ||||||
III | 64 (22.86) | 110 (20.04) | 174 (20.99) | ||||||
IV | 68 (24.29) | 61 (11.11) | 129 (15.56) | ||||||