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Table 4 Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of willingness to undergo a Papanicolaou test and human papillomavirus vaccination according to selected variables among women included in the study (N = 400)

From: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward cervical cancer prevention among women in Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia

Selected Variables

Total†

Willingness to do Pap-test

Crude OR (95%CI)

Adjusted ORª(95%CI)

Willingness to be vaccinated against HPV

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted ORª (95% CI)

Age (in years)

 60–69

88 (20.0)

47 (53.4)

Ref

Ref

19 (21.6)

Ref

Ref

 20–29

88 (20.0)

73 (82.9)

4.2 (2.1–8.5)

3.2 (1.0–10.1)

81 (92.0)

42.0 (16.6–105.8)

76.7 (19.2–306.5)

 30–39

88 (20.0)

76 (86.3)

5.5 (2.6–11.5)

4.4 (1.8–11.0)

70 (79.5)

14.1 (6.8–29.1)

24.8 (7.8–79.0)

 40–49

88 (20.0)

71 (80.7)

3.6 (1.8–7.1)

3.5 (1.6–7.5)

59 (67.0)

7.3 (3.7–14.5)

15.9 (5.1–49.5)

 50–59

88 (20.0)

60 (68.2)

1.8 (1.0–3.4)

1.8 (0.9–3.5)

45 (51.1)

3.8 (1.9–7.3)

6.8 (2.2–20.9)

    

p-trend <.0001

  

P –trend<.0001

Education

 No school

125 (28.4)

80 (64.0)

Ref

Ref

59 (47.2)

Ref

Ref

 Primary school

205 (46.6)

158 (77.1)

1.8 (1.1–3.0)

1.4 (0.8–2.4)

127 (61.9)

1.8 (1.1–2.8)

1.1 (0.6–2.3)

  ≥ Secondary school

110 (25)

89 (80.9)

2.3 (1.3–4.3)

1.0 (0.4–2.4)

88 (80.0)

4.4 (2.4–8.0)

0.9 (0.3–2.5)

    

p-trend = 0.331

  

P -trend = 0.199

Occupation

 Housewife/unemployed

114 (25.9)

78 (68.4)

Ref

Ref

58 (50.9)

Ref

Ref

 Self-employed

60 (13.6)

47 (78.3)

1.7 (0.8–3.4)

0.9 (0.3–2.4)

43 (71.7)

2.4 (1.2–4.8)

1.5 (0.5–4.3)

 Factory worker

62 (14.1)

52 (83.9)

2.4 (1.1–5.3)

0.9 (0.3–2.7)

52 (83.9)

5.0 (2.3–10.8)

1.6 (0.5–4.8)

 Farmer/Fishery

180 (40.9)

133 (73.9)

1.3 (0.7–2.1)

1.2 (0.7–2.2)

101 (56.1)

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

1.2 (0.5–2.5)

 Otherb

24 (5.4)

17 (70.8)

1.1(0.4–3.0)

0.5 (0.0–2.7)

20 (83.3)

4.8 (1.5–15.0)

2.9 (0.6–14.1)

Family Income/monthly

 Low (US$ 0–124)

192 (43.6)

127 (66.1)

Ref

Ref

92 (47.9)

Ref

Ref

 Middle (US$ (125–374)

216 (49.1)

173 (80.1)

2.0 (1.3–3.2)

1.1 (0.6–2.0)

160 (74.1)

3.1 (2.0–4.7)

1.0 (0.5–2.1)

 High (≥US$ 375)

32 (7.3)

27 (84.2)

2.7 (1.0–7.5)

1.3 (0.4–4.9)

22 (68.7)

2.3 (1.0–5.3)

0.5 (0.1–1.9)

    

p-trend = 0.610

  

P -trend = 0.714

Marital Status

 Single

84 (19.1)

50 (59.5)

Ref

Ref

41 (48.8)

Ref

Ref

 Married

356 (80.9)

277 (77.8)

2.3 (1.4–3.9)

1.7 (0.9–3.3)

233 (65.4)

1.9 (1.2–3.2)

2.8 (1.3–6.3)

Number of Children

 No children

19 (4.6)

13 (68.4)

Ref

Ref

14 (73.7)

Ref

 

 1 or 2 children

119 (28.8)

104 (87.4)

3.2 (1.0–9.6)

2.3 (0.7–7.6)

96 (80.7)

1.4 (0.4–4.5)

 3 or 4 children

275 (66.6)

194 (70.5)

1.1 (0.4–3.0)

1.1 (0.3–3.7)

141 (51.3)

0.3 (0.1–1.0)

Had ever heard about Cervical Cancer

 No

114 (25.9)

80 (70.2)

Ref

114 (25.9)

Ref

Ref

 Yes

326 (74.1)

247 (75.5)

1.3 (0.8–2.1)

326 (74.1)

2.1 (1.4–3.3)

2.0 (1.0–4.2)

Had ever heard about Pap test

 No

288 (65.6)

201 (69.8)

Ref

Ref

   

 Yes

151 (34.4)

126 (83.4)

2.1 (1.3–3.5)

1.8 (1.1–3.3)

   

Cervical cancer is preventable

 No

123 (28.0)

99 (80.5)

Ref

123 (27.9)

Ref

Ref

 Yes

317 (72.1)

228 (71.9)

0.6 (0.3–1.0)

317 (72.0)

0.5 (0.3–0.8)

0.7 (0.3–1.5)

Cervical cancer is a fatal disease

 No

66 (15.0)

45 (68.2)

Ref

66 (15.0)

Ref

Ref

 Serious but curable disease

143 (32.5)

108 (75.5)

1.4 (0.7–2.7)

143 (32.5)

2.6 (1.4–4.7)

1.7 (0.6–4.7)

 Very fatal disease

231 (52.5)

174 (75.3)

1.4 (0.7–2.5)

231(52.5)

1.8 (1.0–3.1)

1.7 (0.7–4.3)

Had ever heard about HPV vaccine

 No

    

285 (64.7)

Ref

Ref

 Yes

    

155 (35.2)

2.6 (1.7–4.0)

1.2 (0.6–2.4)

Cervical cancer can be detected early by screening

 No

40 (9.1)

27 (67.5)

Ref

   

 Yes

184 (41.8)

146 (79.3)

1.8 (0.8–3.9)

   

 Do not know

216 (49.1)

154 (71.3)

1.1 (0.5–2.4)

   

Number of sexual partner

 None

26 (5.9)

17 (65.4)

Ref

   

 1 to more than 2

414 (94.1)

310 (74.9)

1.5 (0.6–3.6)

   
  1. aAdjusted for significant variables in the unadjusted model
  2. bstudent, labor, school teacher, employee of private company, head of village, accountant and midwifery
  3. Note: Sample size in each variable may not equal due to missing value