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Table 4 Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of willingness to undergo a Papanicolaou test and human papillomavirus vaccination according to selected variables among women included in the study (N = 400)

From: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward cervical cancer prevention among women in Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia

Selected Variables Total† Willingness to do Pap-test Crude OR (95%CI) Adjusted ORª(95%CI) Willingness to be vaccinated against HPV Crude OR (95% CI) Adjusted ORª (95% CI)
Age (in years)
 60–69 88 (20.0) 47 (53.4) Ref Ref 19 (21.6) Ref Ref
 20–29 88 (20.0) 73 (82.9) 4.2 (2.1–8.5) 3.2 (1.0–10.1) 81 (92.0) 42.0 (16.6–105.8) 76.7 (19.2–306.5)
 30–39 88 (20.0) 76 (86.3) 5.5 (2.6–11.5) 4.4 (1.8–11.0) 70 (79.5) 14.1 (6.8–29.1) 24.8 (7.8–79.0)
 40–49 88 (20.0) 71 (80.7) 3.6 (1.8–7.1) 3.5 (1.6–7.5) 59 (67.0) 7.3 (3.7–14.5) 15.9 (5.1–49.5)
 50–59 88 (20.0) 60 (68.2) 1.8 (1.0–3.4) 1.8 (0.9–3.5) 45 (51.1) 3.8 (1.9–7.3) 6.8 (2.2–20.9)
     p-trend <.0001    P –trend<.0001
Education
 No school 125 (28.4) 80 (64.0) Ref Ref 59 (47.2) Ref Ref
 Primary school 205 (46.6) 158 (77.1) 1.8 (1.1–3.0) 1.4 (0.8–2.4) 127 (61.9) 1.8 (1.1–2.8) 1.1 (0.6–2.3)
  ≥ Secondary school 110 (25) 89 (80.9) 2.3 (1.3–4.3) 1.0 (0.4–2.4) 88 (80.0) 4.4 (2.4–8.0) 0.9 (0.3–2.5)
     p-trend = 0.331    P -trend = 0.199
Occupation
 Housewife/unemployed 114 (25.9) 78 (68.4) Ref Ref 58 (50.9) Ref Ref
 Self-employed 60 (13.6) 47 (78.3) 1.7 (0.8–3.4) 0.9 (0.3–2.4) 43 (71.7) 2.4 (1.2–4.8) 1.5 (0.5–4.3)
 Factory worker 62 (14.1) 52 (83.9) 2.4 (1.1–5.3) 0.9 (0.3–2.7) 52 (83.9) 5.0 (2.3–10.8) 1.6 (0.5–4.8)
 Farmer/Fishery 180 (40.9) 133 (73.9) 1.3 (0.7–2.1) 1.2 (0.7–2.2) 101 (56.1) 1.2 (0.8–1.9) 1.2 (0.5–2.5)
 Otherb 24 (5.4) 17 (70.8) 1.1(0.4–3.0) 0.5 (0.0–2.7) 20 (83.3) 4.8 (1.5–15.0) 2.9 (0.6–14.1)
Family Income/monthly
 Low (US$ 0–124) 192 (43.6) 127 (66.1) Ref Ref 92 (47.9) Ref Ref
 Middle (US$ (125–374) 216 (49.1) 173 (80.1) 2.0 (1.3–3.2) 1.1 (0.6–2.0) 160 (74.1) 3.1 (2.0–4.7) 1.0 (0.5–2.1)
 High (≥US$ 375) 32 (7.3) 27 (84.2) 2.7 (1.0–7.5) 1.3 (0.4–4.9) 22 (68.7) 2.3 (1.0–5.3) 0.5 (0.1–1.9)
     p-trend = 0.610    P -trend = 0.714
Marital Status
 Single 84 (19.1) 50 (59.5) Ref Ref 41 (48.8) Ref Ref
 Married 356 (80.9) 277 (77.8) 2.3 (1.4–3.9) 1.7 (0.9–3.3) 233 (65.4) 1.9 (1.2–3.2) 2.8 (1.3–6.3)
Number of Children
 No children 19 (4.6) 13 (68.4) Ref Ref 14 (73.7) Ref  
 1 or 2 children 119 (28.8) 104 (87.4) 3.2 (1.0–9.6) 2.3 (0.7–7.6) 96 (80.7) 1.4 (0.4–4.5) –
 3 or 4 children 275 (66.6) 194 (70.5) 1.1 (0.4–3.0) 1.1 (0.3–3.7) 141 (51.3) 0.3 (0.1–1.0) –
Had ever heard about Cervical Cancer
 No 114 (25.9) 80 (70.2) Ref – 114 (25.9) Ref Ref
 Yes 326 (74.1) 247 (75.5) 1.3 (0.8–2.1) – 326 (74.1) 2.1 (1.4–3.3) 2.0 (1.0–4.2)
Had ever heard about Pap test
 No 288 (65.6) 201 (69.8) Ref Ref    
 Yes 151 (34.4) 126 (83.4) 2.1 (1.3–3.5) 1.8 (1.1–3.3)    
Cervical cancer is preventable
 No 123 (28.0) 99 (80.5) Ref – 123 (27.9) Ref Ref
 Yes 317 (72.1) 228 (71.9) 0.6 (0.3–1.0) – 317 (72.0) 0.5 (0.3–0.8) 0.7 (0.3–1.5)
Cervical cancer is a fatal disease
 No 66 (15.0) 45 (68.2) Ref – 66 (15.0) Ref Ref
 Serious but curable disease 143 (32.5) 108 (75.5) 1.4 (0.7–2.7) – 143 (32.5) 2.6 (1.4–4.7) 1.7 (0.6–4.7)
 Very fatal disease 231 (52.5) 174 (75.3) 1.4 (0.7–2.5) – 231(52.5) 1.8 (1.0–3.1) 1.7 (0.7–4.3)
Had ever heard about HPV vaccine
 No      285 (64.7) Ref Ref
 Yes      155 (35.2) 2.6 (1.7–4.0) 1.2 (0.6–2.4)
Cervical cancer can be detected early by screening
 No 40 (9.1) 27 (67.5) Ref –    
 Yes 184 (41.8) 146 (79.3) 1.8 (0.8–3.9) –    
 Do not know 216 (49.1) 154 (71.3) 1.1 (0.5–2.4) –    
Number of sexual partner
 None 26 (5.9) 17 (65.4) Ref –    
 1 to more than 2 414 (94.1) 310 (74.9) 1.5 (0.6–3.6) –    
  1. aAdjusted for significant variables in the unadjusted model
  2. bstudent, labor, school teacher, employee of private company, head of village, accountant and midwifery
  3. Note: Sample size in each variable may not equal due to missing value
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