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Table 2 -Time (BL = Baseline, M1 = Month 1, M6 = Month 6) by treatment means for outcome variables for caregiver

From: Efficacy of a telephone outcall program to reduce caregiver burden among caregivers of cancer patients [PROTECT]: a randomised controlled trial

Outcome Control Intervention ∆ = Intervention - Control
Mean SEa n (or P-value)b Mean SE n (or P-value) ∆ SEDc P_value
ZBIe
 BL 18.05 1.17 108 18.99 1.17 107 0.95 1.65 0.568
 M1 17.81 1.31 73 19.39 1.27 82 1.58 1.82 0.386
 M6 17.20 1.33 69 18.46 1.31 73 1.26 1.87 0.500
 M1-BL −0.24 1.13 0.835 0.40 1.09 0.713    
 M6-BL −0.85 1.16 0.464 −0.53 1.14 0.639    
 M6-M1 −0.61 1.23 0.620 −0.93 1.16 0.422    0.921d
CRAf Total
 BL 30.07 0.44 108 30.80 0.44 105 0.73 0.62 0.243
 M1 29.80 0.50 73 29.58 0.49 80 −0.22 0.70 0.750
 M6 29.76 0.52 66 29.66 0.51 70 −0.09 0.73 0.897
 M1-BL −0.27 0.49 0.578 −1.22 0.48 0.012    
 M6-BL −0.31 0.51 0.538 −1.13 0.50 0.025    
 M6-M1 −0.04 0.54 0.940 0.09 0.52 0.867    0.320
SCNS-P&Cg (√ transformed)
 BL 1.14 0.13 108 1.63 0.13 108 0.49 0.18 0.007
 M1 1.01 0.15 75 0.92 0.14 83 −0.09 0.20 0.659
 M6 0.41 0.15 68 0.53 0.15 73 0.12 0.21 0.577
 M1-BL −0.13 0.15 0.401 −0.71 0.15 <0.001    
 M6-BL −0.73 0.16 <0.001 −1.10 0.16 <0.001    
 M6-M1 −0.60 0.17 0.001 −0.39 0.16 <0.001    0.023
CES-Dh Total
 BL 11.46 0.91 107 13.24 0.91 108 1.79 1.29 0.168
 M1 10.98 1.02 75 12.32 0.99 82 1.34 1.42 0.347
 M6 10.62 1.04 68 12.04 1.02 73 1.42 1.46 0.334
 M1-BL −0.48 0.89 0.592 −0.93 0.85 0.280    
 M6-BL −0.83 0.92 0.369 −1.20 0.89 0.180    
 M6-M1 −0.36 0.97 0.715 −0.27 0.92 0.765    0.926
heiQi Dom1 HDB
 BL 2.90 0.07 107 2.83 0.07 108 −0.06 0.10 0.548
 M1 3.05 0.08 75 2.81 0.08 82 −0.24 0.11 0.034
 M6 2.96 0.08 68 2.92 0.08 73 −0.04 0.12 0.749
 M1-BL 0.15 0.07 0.026 −0.03 0.07 0.680    
 M6-BL 0.06 0.07 0.379 0.09 0.07 0.202    
 M6-M1 −0.09 0.07 0.224 0.11 0.07 0.105    0.080
heiQ Dom2 PAEL
 BL 3.15 0.05 108 3.05 0.05 108 −0.10 0.07 0.157
 M1 3.18 0.06 75 3.02 0.05 82 −0.17 0.08 0.035
 M6 3.22 0.06 68 3.06 0.06 73 −0.16 0.08 0.053
 M1-BL 0.03 0.05 0.464 −0.03 0.05 0.509    
 M6-BL 0.07 0.05 0.166 0.01 0.05 0.782    
 M6-M1 0.03 0.05 0.518 0.04 0.05 0.377    0.564
heiQ Dom3 ED
 BL 1.70 0.06 106 1.78 0.06 106 0.09 0.08 0.303
 M1 1.73 0.07 75 1.95 0.06 82 0.22 0.09 0.015
 M6 1.68 0.07 67 1.91 0.07 73 0.23 0.10 0.016
 M1-BL 0.03 0.06 0.653 0.17 0.06 0.005    
 M6-BL −0.02 0.06 0.766 0.13 0.06 0.036    
 M6-M1 −0.05 0.07 0.488 −0.04 0.06 0.537    0.144
heiQ Dom4 SMI
 BL 3.17 0.04 106 3.16 0.04 108 −0.01 0.06 0.859
 M1 3.13 0.05 75 3.07 0.04 82 −0.06 0.06 0.354
 M6 3.22 0.05 68 3.14 0.05 73 −0.08 0.07 0.209
 M1-BL −0.04 0.04 0.418 −0.08 0.04 0.047    
 M6-BL 0.06 0.05 0.199 −0.01 0.04 0.749    
 M6-M1 0.09 0.05 0.051 0.07 0.05 0.124    0.489
heiQ Dom5 CAA
 BL 3.38 0.05 105 3.31 0.05 104 −0.07 0.06 0.268
 M1 3.30 0.05 75 3.20 0.05 82 −0.11 0.07 0.124
 M6 3.38 0.05 67 3.25 0.05 72 −0.13 0.07 0.083
 M1-BL −0.08 0.05 0.117 −0.12 0.05 0.016    
 M6-BL 0.00 0.05 0.980 −0.06 0.05 0.256    
 M6-M1 0.08 0.05 0.145 0.06 0.05 0.248    0.701
heiQ Dom6 STA
 BL 3.17 0.04 102 3.15 0.04 103 −0.02 0.06 0.794
 M1 3.04 0.05 74 3.01 0.05 83 −0.04 0.07 0.560
 M6 3.17 0.05 66 3.09 0.05 73 −0.08 0.07 0.262
 M1-BL −0.12 0.05 0.015 −0.15 0.05 0.002    
 M6-BL 0.00 0.05 0.997 −0.06 0.05 0.202    
 M6-M1 0.12 0.05 0.026 0.08 0.05 0.108    0.672
heiQ Dom7 SIS
 BL 3.23 0.05 106 3.12 0.05 104 −0.11 0.07 0.114
 M1 3.08 0.05 75 2.98 0.05 83 −0.10 0.08 0.212
 M6 3.24 0.06 68 3.05 0.06 73 −0.19 0.08 0.016
 M1-BL −0.15 0.05 0.003 −0.13 0.05 0.006    
 M6-BL 0.01 0.05 0.778 −0.07 0.05 0.191    
 M6-M1 0.16 0.05 0.003 0.07 0.05 0.193    0.392
heiQ Dom8 HSN
 BL 3.27 0.05 105 3.17 0.05 103 −0.10 0.07 0.153
 M1 3.23 0.05 75 3.07 0.05 83 −0.16 0.08 0.034
 M6 3.39 0.06 67 3.15 0.05 73 −0.24 0.08 0.003
 M1-BL −0.04 0.05 0.409 −0.10 0.05 0.032    
 M6-BL 0.12 0.05 0.015 −0.02 0.05 0.753    
 M6-M1 0.16 0.05 0.002 0.09 0.05 0.086    0.144
HLQj S1
 BL 3.24 0.05 105 3.11 0.05 103 −0.13 0.07 0.083
 M1 3.25 0.06 73 3.15 0.06 83 −0.10 0.08 0.208
 M6 3.30 0.06 67 3.17 0.06 73 −0.13 0.08 0.109
 M1-BL 0.01 0.05 0.913 0.03 0.05 0.492    
 M6-BL 0.06 0.05 0.220 0.06 0.05 0.239    
 M6-M1 0.06 0.05 0.288 0.03 0.05 0.604    0.892
HLQ S2
 BL 3.15 0.04 106 3.10 0.04 105 −0.05 0.06 0.388
 M1 3.15 0.05 74 3.09 0.05 83 −0.06 0.07 0.392
 M6 3.23 0.05 67 3.19 0.05 73 −0.04 0.07 0.552
 M1-BL −0.01 0.05 0.880 −0.01 0.04 0.785    
 M6-BL 0.08 0.05 0.107 0.09 0.05 0.058    
 M6-M1 0.08 0.05 0.097 0.10 0.05 0.034    0.970
HLQ S3
 BL 2.96 0.05 107 2.89 0.05 105 −0.07 0.07 0.282
 M1 2.95 0.05 74 2.91 0.05 83 −0.04 0.07 0.616
 M6 2.99 0.05 67 2.91 0.05 72 −0.08 0.08 0.286
 M1-BL −0.02 0.05 0.758 0.02 0.05 0.692    
 M6-BL 0.03 0.05 0.558 0.02 0.05 0.695    
 M6-M1 0.05 0.05 0.405 0.00 0.05 0.987    0.815
HLQ S4
 BL 3.19 0.05 106 3.04 0.05 105 −0.16 0.07 0.019
 M1 3.12 0.05 74 3.02 0.05 83 −0.10 0.07 0.166
 M6 3.23 0.05 68 3.04 0.05 73 −0.19 0.07 0.010
 M1-BL −0.07 0.05 0.119 −0.02 0.04 0.721    
 M6-BL 0.04 0.05 0.382 0.00 0.05 0.940    
 M6-M1 0.11 0.05 0.024 0.02 0.05 0.682    0.381
HLQ S5
 BL 2.90 0.05 104 2.86 0.05 104 −0.04 0.07 0.587
 M1 2.89 0.06 73 2.88 0.05 83 −0.01 0.08 0.878
 M6 2.95 0.06 67 2.91 0.06 73 −0.04 0.08 0.587
 M1-BL −0.01 0.05 0.802 0.01 0.05 0.788    
 M6-BL 0.05 0.05 0.372 0.04 0.05 0.412    
 M6-M1 0.06 0.06 0.282 0.03 0.05 0.578    0.903
HLQ S6
 BL 4.22 0.06 106 4.23 0.06 104 0.01 0.09 0.863
 M1 4.19 0.07 74 4.28 0.07 83 0.10 0.10 0.322
 M6 4.28 0.07 68 4.18 0.07 73 −0.10 0.10 0.331
 M1-BL −0.03 0.07 0.626 0.05 0.07 0.470    
 M6-BL 0.06 0.07 0.388 −0.05 0.07 0.454    
 M6-M1 0.09 0.07 0.207 −0.10 0.07 0.158    0.168
HLQ S7
 BL 4.14 0.06 104 4.12 0.06 104 −0.03 0.09 0.772
 M1 4.10 0.07 73 4.21 0.07 83 0.11 0.10 0.259
 M6 4.19 0.07 68 4.14 0.07 73 −0.05 0.10 0.629
 M1-BL −0.04 0.06 0.498 0.09 0.06 0.143    
 M6-BL 0.05 0.07 0.488 0.02 0.06 0.717    
 M6-M1 0.09 0.07 0.200 −0.07 0.06 0.306    0.192
HLQ S8
 BL 4.15 0.06 105 4.13 0.06 104 −0.03 0.09 0.774
 M1 4.08 0.07 73 4.18 0.07 83 0.09 0.10 0.341
 M6 4.19 0.07 68 4.13 0.07 73 −0.05 0.10 0.614
 M1-BL −0.07 0.07 0.333 0.05 0.07 0.473    
 M6-BL 0.03 0.07 0.657 0.01 0.07 0.928    
 M6-M1 0.10 0.08 0.192 −0.04 0.07 0.559    0.336
HLQ S9
 BL 4.31 0.05 104 4.30 0.05 104 −0.01 0.08 0.916
 M1 4.27 0.06 74 4.37 0.06 83 0.10 0.08 0.234
 M6 4.32 0.06 68 4.37 0.06 73 0.05 0.09 0.563
 M1-BL −0.04 0.06 0.512 0.07 0.06 0.197    
 M6-BL 0.00 0.06 0.948 0.06 0.06 0.279    
 M6-M1 0.04 0.06 0.504 −0.01 0.06 0.884    0.390
  1. a SE Standard Error of the Mean or a difference in Time Means
  2. b Sample sizes (n) for means and p-values for time differences within treatment groups
  3. c SED Standard Error of the Difference in Treatment group means within a Time
  4. d P-value for the 2 degree-of-freedom test for a Time by Treatment group interaction
  5. e ZBI Zarit Burden Interview
  6. f CRA Caregiver Reaction Assessment
  7. g SCNS – P&C Supportive Care Needs Survey – Partner & Caregivers
  8. h CES-D Centre for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression
  9. i heiQ health education impact Questionnaire: Domain 1 – health directed behaviour (HDB), Domain 2 – positive and active engagement in life (PAEL), Domain 3 – emotional distress (ED), Domain 4 – self monitoring and insight (SMI), Domain 5 – constructive attitudes and approaches (CAA), Domain 6 – skills and technique acquisition (STA), Domain 7 – social integration and support (SIS), Domain 8 – health service navigation (HSN)
  10. j HLQ Health Literacy Questionnaire: S1 – feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers, S2 – having sufficient information to manage my health, S3 – actively managing my health, S4 – social support for health, S5 – appraisal of health information, S6 – ability to actively engage with health care providers, S7 – navigating the health care system, S8 – ability to find good health information, S9 – understanding health information well enough to know what to do
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