Family history of prostate and colorectal cancer and risk of colorectal cancer in the Women’s health initiative

Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L.; Yee, Cecilia; Paskett, Electra; Schwartz, Ann G.; Lane, Dorothy; Palmer, Nynikka R. A.; Bock, Cathryn H.; Nassir, Rami; Simon, Michael S.

doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3873-5

BMC Cancer

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of Women Participating in the WHI OS

From: Family history of prostate and colorectal cancer and risk of colorectal cancer in the Women’s health initiative

	Colorectal cancer cases		Non-cases
Characteristic	N	(%)^a	N	(%)^a	p-value^b
Total population	1122	1.5	74,877	98.5
Age at baseline
< 60	227	20.2	24,900	33.3	< 0.0001
60–69	529	47.1	32,959	44.0
> = 70	366	32.6	17,018	22.7
Age at diagnosis
50–59	55	4.9	–
60–69	296	26.4	–
70–79	518	46.2	–
80+	253	22.5	–
Race/Ethnicity					0.008
Non-Hispanic White	954	85.0	62,296	83.2
Black	98	8.7	5930	7.9
Other	68	6.1	6449	8.6
Unknown	2	0.2	202	0.3
Education					0.63
No High school diploma	49	4.4	3668	4.9
High school diploma/GED	176	15.7	12,045	16.1
College graduate or above	890	79.3	58,560	78.2
Unknown	7	0.6	604	0.8
Region					0.005
Northeast	283	25.2	17,421	23.3
South	236	21.0	19,185	25.6
Midwest	251	22.4	16,427	21.9
West	352	31.4	21,844	29.2
Body mass index (kg/m²)					0.0003
Normal weight (<25.0)	401	35.7	30,664	41.0
Overweight (25.0–29.9)	386	34.4	25,238	33.7
Obese (> = 30.0)	321	28.6	18,110	24.2
Unknown	14	1.2	865	1.2
Waist (cm)					< 0.0001
≤ 75	210	18.7	20,114	26.9
75.1–82.5	262	23.4	17,961	24.0
82.6–92.5	282	25.1	18,111	24.2
> 92.5	364	32.4	18,372	24.5
Unknown	4	0.4	319	0.4
Physical activity (MET-hours/week)					0.10
≤ 3.5	320	28.5	19,320	25.8
3.5+ − 10	270	24.1	17,985	24.0
10+ − 20	272	24.2	18,291	24.4
> 20	249	22.2	18,551	24.8
Unknown	11	1.0	730	1.0
Smoking					0.04
Never	540	48.1	38,087	50.9
Former	486	43.3	31,334	41.8
Current	85	7.6	4529	6.0
Unknown	11	1.0	927	1.2
Alcohol Intake					0.05
Never/Former	318	28.3	22,090	29.5
< 1/week or month	390	34.8	23,667	31.6
1 - < 7/week	260	23.2	19,287	25.8
7+/week	152	13.5	9385	12.5
Unknown	2	0.2	448	0.6
Aspirin^α					0.79
Never user	720	64.2	48,194	64.4
Inconsistent user	264	23.5	17,087	22.8
Consistent user	138	12.3	9596	12.8
Diabetes					0.0008
No	1036	92.3	70,837	94.6%
Yes	85	7.6	3972	5.3%
Unknown	1	0.1	68	0.1%
Hysterectomy					0.91
No	677	60.3	45,265	60.5
Yes	445	39.7	29,540	39.5
Unknown	0	0.0	72	0.1
Hormone Replacement Therapy Use					< 0.0001
Never	411	36.6	21,419	28.6
Former	238	21.2	14,386	19.2
Current	453	40.4	37,659	50.3
Unknown	20	1.8	1413	1.9
Insurance					0.49
No	34	3.0	2555	3.4
Yes	1076	95.9	71,558	95.6
Unknown	12	1.1	764	1.0
Colonoscopy within 5 years					0.03
None done	546	48.7	34,785	46.5
No	225	20.1	14,018	18.7
Yes	335	29.9	25,068	33.5
Unknown	16	1.4	1006	1.3
Fecal occult blood test within 5 years					0.55
None done	263	23.4	16,841	22.5
No	207	18.4	13,331	17.8
Yes	635	56.6	43,588	58.2
Unknown	17	1.5	1117	1.5
Family History of Cancer^c					0.89
No	639	57.0	42,662	57.0
Yes	435	38.8	28,795	38.5
Unknown	48	4.3	3420	4.6
	Median	Range	Median	Range
Age at baseline	66	50–79	63	49–81
Age at diagnosis	74	52–94	–	–
Body mass index (kg/m²)	26.8	15.5–66.6	26.0	11.9–69.9

^aPercentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding
^bChi-square test - excluding missing data
^cCancer other than colorectal or prostate among male or female relatives
α Aspirin usage: Consistent - usage of aspirin reported at both initial screening and 3-year follow-up. Inconsistent - at only one of the 2 surveys

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