Table 4 Summary of results of RCTs included in subgroup analysis
Studies | Limb circumference/volume | Pain intensity | Range of motion | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Immediately after end of all sessions | Short-term follow-up (< 6Â months) | Immediately after end of all sessions | Short-term follow-up (< 6Â months) | Immediately after end of all sessions | Short-term follow-up (< 6Â months) | |
LLLT (PBM) vs. sham laser | ||||||
Omar et al. 2011 [48] | + | + | NR | NR | + | NR |
Kaviani et al. 2006 [47] | NR | +* | NR | + | NR | – |
Carati et al. 2003 [46] | – | +* | NR | NR | – | – |
LLLT (PBM) vs. conventional therapy | ||||||
Ridner et al. 2013 [49] | – | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Kozanoglu et al. 2009 [50] | + | – | – | – | NR | NR |
Maiya et al. 2008 [51] | + | NR | + | NR | NR | NR |
LLLT (PBM) vs. a waiting list control | ||||||
Lau and Cheing 2009 [52] | – | + | NR | NR | NR | NR |