Table 4 Predictors of 5-year survival in colorectal cancer patients
Variables | aCrude HR (95% CI) | bAdjusted HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
Sex | ||
 Female | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Male | 1.13 (0.96–1.31) | 1.41 (1.12–1.76) |
Ethnicity | ||
 Malays | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Chinese | 1.26 (1.03–1.56) | 1.41 (1.07–1.85) |
 Indians | 1.06 (0.79–1.42) | 1.32 (0.78–1.71) |
Preoperative carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) level | ||
 Not elevated | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Elevated | 2.31 (1.91–2.79) | 2.13 (1.60–2.83) |
Duke’s stages | ||
 A&B | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 C | 1.66 (1.29–2.12) | 1.68 (1.28–2.21) |
 D | 4.94 (3.78–6.45) | 4.61 (3.39–6.28) |
Urgency of surgery | ||
 Elective | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Emergency | 1.42 (1.11–1.82) | 1.52 (1.07–2.15) |