Table 1 Distribution of risk factors for breast cancer (n = 700), Early Determinants of Mammographic Density (EDMD) Study
From: Early life socioeconomic environment and mammographic breast density
|  | N (%) or mean ± SD |
|---|---|
Age at mammogram (years) | 43.1 ± 2.3 |
Race/ethnicity | |
 Non-hispanic white | 546 (78.2) |
 African-American | 86 (12.3) |
 Hispanic | 40 (5.7) |
 Asian/pacific-islander/other | 26 (3.7) |
Maternal education | |
 Less than high school | 180 (25.9) |
 High school graduate | 289 (41.6) |
 Trade school or some college | 150 (21.6) |
 College or higher education | 75 (10.8) |
Paternal education | |
 Less than high school | 176 (27.4) |
 High school graduate | 246 (38.3) |
 Trade school or some college | 120 (18.7) |
 College or higher education | 101 (15.7) |
Childhood family income ($) | |
  < 5000 | 228 (35.4) |
 5000- < 8000 | 292 (45.3) |
  ≥ 8000 | 125 (19.4) |
Prenatal tobacco smoke (PTS) exposure to maternal Smoking | |
 No | 406 (59.9) |
 Yes | 272 (40.1) |
Birthweight (kg) | 3.4 ± 0.5 |
Weight at 4 years (kg) | 16.8 ± 2.4 |
Age at menarche (years) | |
  < 12 | 135 (19.4) |
 12 | 192 (27.6) |
 13 | 200 (28.7) |
  ≥ 14 | 169 (24.3) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 6.4 |
Menopausal status | |
 Premenopausal | 480 (69.7) |
 Menopausal transition | 120 (17.4) |
 Postmenopausal | 89 (12.9) |
Adult education | |
 High school or less | 130 (18.6) |
 Trade school or some college | 259 (37.0) |
 Bachelor’s degree | 214 (30.6) |
 Master’s degree or higher | 97 (13.9) |
Adult household income | |
  < 50,000 | 162 (23.9) |
 50,000- < 75,000 | 128 (18.9) |
 75,000- < 100,000 | 140 (20.7) |
  ≥ 100,000 | 247 (36.5) |
Adult smoking status | |
 Never smoker | 377 (53.9) |
 Former smoker | 219 (31.3) |
 Current smoker | 103 (14.7) |
Recent alcohol intake (drinks/week) | |
 Non-drinker | 251 (36.0) |
  < 3 | 210 (30.1) |
 3–7 | 147 (21.1) |
  > 7 | 89 (12.8) |
Recent physical exercise (minutes/week) | |
 No exercise | 214 (30.6) |
  < 100 | 170 (24.3) |
 100–195 | 162 (23.2) |
  ≥ 195 | 153 (21.9) |
Mammographic density | |
 Percent breast density (%) | 31.8 (18.7) |
 Dense breast area (cm2) | 35.8 (22.0) |
 Non-dense breast area (cm2) | 102.1 (75.0) |