Fig. 4

Apoptosis efficiency in A2780/DDP cells in different treatment group. a The percentage of apoptosis cells was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) 24 h after treatment. The cell apoptosis rate was higher in all the treatment groups in compared with control group (p < 0.05), the highest apoptosis rate was observed in LHRHa-BJOLs group (p < 0.05). b Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decrease rate detected by FCM. The cell MMP was lower in all the treatment groups in compared with control group (p < 0.05), LHRHa-BJOLs group had the lowest MMP in compared with other treatment groups (p < 0.05). c Cell apoptosis detected by Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining. PBS group exhibited normal nuclear morphology, nuclei fluoresced faint blue and the color was homogenous. BJOE group also exhibited faint blue fluorescence emission, only a few chromatin condensation were observed. BJOLs group exhibited moderate blue fluorescence emission and some nuclear condensation and morphological changes such as chromatin condensation and fragmentation. LHRHa-BJOLs group exhibited the highest blue fluorescence emission, chromatin condensation and fragmentation could be visualized in many cells, indicating that LHRHa modification of the BJOLs yields the highest apoptosis efficiency. Compared with LHRHa-BJOLs group *p < 0.05; compared with control group, #p < 0.05. d Western blot analysis of the expression bcl-2, bax and caspase 3 protein in A2780/DDP cells after different treatments, LHRHa-BJOLs group showed more prominent bands of bax and caspase 3 and less band of bcl-2 than other treatment groups. e The expression levels of bcl-2, bax and caspase 3 protein in different treatments groups. LHRHa-BJOLs group manifested the highest expression of bax and caspase-3 and the lowest expression of bcl-2, and the differences were statistically significant. Compared with control group, *p < 0.05; compared with LHRHa-BJOLs group, #p < 0.05