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Table 4 Odds ratios, OR (and 95 % CI) of prostate cancer by major contributors to TAC: coffee, tea, berries, chocolate, boiled potatoes, multivitamins and vitamin C supplements, Cancer of the Prostate Sweden

From: Total antioxidant intake and prostate cancer in the Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden (CAPS) study. A case control study

Coffee

None

<2 cups/day

2–3cups/day

4–5cups/day

≥6 cups/day

p-trend

 All prostate cancer

139/98

150/121

644/491

413/295

143/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.88(0.61–1.26)

0.93(0.69–1.26)

1.03(0.75–1.42)

0.95(0.64–1.40)

0.87

 Fatal prostate cancer

14/44

32/175

103/491

68/295

15/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.58(0.31–1.07)

0.73(0.45–1.18)

0.87(0.52–1.44)

0.56(0.29–1.08)

0.51

 Advanced prostate cancer

47/121

47/121

207/491

151/295

53/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.90(0.54–1.52)

0.92(0.60–1.41)

1.09(0.70–1.72)

1.00(0.58–1.71)

0.65

 Localized prostate cancer

98/98

103/121

452/491

273/295

94/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.86(0.57–1.28)

0.98(0.70–1.36)

1.04(0.72–1.48)

0.93(0.60–1.44)

0.86

 High grade prostate cancer

30/98

22/121

98/491

62/295

19/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.53(0.28–1.01)

0.55(0.33–0.92)

0.59(0.24–1.01)

0.45(0.22–0.90)

0.05

 Low grade prostate cancer

55/98

79/121

313/491

177/295

69/107

 

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.22(0.77–1.94)

1.22(0.82–1.80)

1.21(0.79–1.84)

1.24(0.76–2.05)

0.60

Tea

None

<1cup/day

1–2 cups/day

>2 cups/day

  

 All prostate cancer

605/484

370/262

439/310

75/56

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.12(0.91–1.37)

1.09(0.89–1.34)

0.97(0.65–1.44)

 

0.98

 Fatal prostate cancer

142/484

73/262

83/310

9/56

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.95(0.66–1.36)

0.90(0.64–1.26)

0.60(0.28–1.30)

 

0.16

 Advanced prostate cancer

230/484

131/262

121/310

17/56

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.06(0.81–1.40)

0.86(0.64–1.15)

0.67(0.37–1.23)

 

0.12

 Localized prostate cancer

390/484

251/262

318/310

61/56

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.15(0.92–1.45)

1.20(0.96–1.50)

1.12(0.74–1.70)

 

0.38

 High grade prostate cancer

94/484

65/262

63/310

9/18

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.27(0.88–1.83)

0.92(0.63–1.36)

0.64(0.29(1.40)

 

0.17

 Low grade prostate cancer

265/484

166/262

221/310

41/56

  

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.12(0.86–1.45)

1.25(0.97–1.62)

1.12(0.70–1.81)

 

0.33

Berries

None

1–3 /month

>1–3/month

   

 All prostate cancer

276/231

739/482

474/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.16(0.93–1.44)

0.90(0.70–1.44)

  

0.08

 Fatal prostate cancer

67/231

129/482

610/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.95(0.67–1.37)

0.87(0.59–1.27)

  

0.47

 Advanced prostate cancer

98/231

236/482

164/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.15(0.85–1.55)

0.90(0.65–1.25)

  

0.15

 Localized prostate cancer

186/321

513/482

321/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.16(0.91–1.49)

0.89(0.68–1.16)

  

0.11

 High grade prostate cancer

38/231

104/482

89/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.19(0.78–1.83)

1.10(0.70–1.72)

  

0.91

 Low grade prostate cancer

133/231

370/482

190/399

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.17(0.89–1.53)

0.75(0.56–1.02)

  

<0.01

Chocolate

None

1–3/month

>1–3/month

   

 All prostate cancer

232/258

645/457

612/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.38(1.09–1.73)

1.43(1.12–1.82)

  

0.03

 Fatal prostate cancer

59/258

119/457

129/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.26(0.86–1.85)

1.47(0.99–2.20)

  

0.09

 Advanced prostate cancer

93/258

194/457

212/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.19(0.86–1.63)

1.40(1.01–1.96)

  

0.06

 Localized prostate cancer

146/258

463/457

411/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.46(1.13–1.89)

1.43(1.08–1.88)

  

0.11

 High grade prostate cancer

42/258

88/457

101/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.04(0.67–1.60)

1.20(0.77–1.88)

  

0.33

 Low grade prostate cancer

102/258

310/457

281/397

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.38(1.03–1.85)

1.41(1.03–1.93)

  

0.09

Boiled potatoes

0–4×/w

4–6×/w

≥1×/day

   

 All prostate cancer

266/195

668/545

555/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.92(0.73–1.16)

1.12(0.87–1.42)

  

0.21

 Fatal prostate cancer

42/195

151/545

114/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.27(0.85–1.90)

1.31(0.86–2.01)

  

0.26

 Advanced prostate cancer

86/195

219/545

194/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.88(0.64–1.20)

1.07(0.77–1.49)

  

0.45

 Localized prostate cancer

181/195

464/545

375/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.00(0.79–1.29)

1.20(0.92–1.57)

  

0.13

 High grade prostate cancer

33/195

107/545

91/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.18(0.75–1.84)

1.33(0.83–2.12)

  

0.21

 Low grade prostate cancer

134/195

107/545

91/372

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.90(0.68–1.19)

1.07(0.79–1.45)

  

0.45

Multivitamins

None

<7/week

≥7/week

   

 All prostate cancer

1166/930

69/32

254/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.48(0.95–2.30)

1.27(1.01–1.60)

  

0.07

 Fatal prostate cancer

183/930

12/32

37/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.65(0.84–3.24)

1.37(0.95–1.99)

  

0.18

 Advanced prostate cancer

391/930

24/32

84/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.69(0.97–2.97)

1.29(0.95–1.75)

  

0.08

 Localized prostate cancer

803/930

46/32

171/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.34(0.83–2.17)

1.21(0.94–1.55)

  

0.18

 High grade prostate cancer

165/930

14/32

52/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

2.20(1.11–4.33)

1.93(1.32–2.81)

  

0.03

 Low grade prostate cancer

552/930

25/32

116/150

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.08(0.62–1.89)

1.25(0.85–1.85)

  

0.75

Vitamin C

None

<7/week

≥7/week

   

 All prostate cancer

1271/984

106/62

112/66

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.20(0.86–1.68)

1.22(0.88–1.70)

  

0.14

 Fatal prostate cancer

200/984

19/62

13/66

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.27(0.75–2.16)

0.86(0.47–1.55)

  

0.19

 Advanced prostate cancer

423/984

36/62

40/66

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.32(0.85–2.06)

1.47(0.96–2.25)

  

0.14

 Localized prostate cancer

866/984

78/62

76/66

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.25(0.87–1.79)

1.15(0.80–1.65)

  

0.20

 High grade prostate cancer

195/984

21/62

15/66

   

 Fully adj. OR

1.00

1.48(0.86–2,55)

0.93(0.50–1.71)

  

0.80

Low grade prostate cancer

593/984

43/62

57/66

   

Fully adj. OR

1.00

0.99(0.65–1.51)

1.25(0.85–1.85)

  

0.18

  1. Fully adjusted models are adjusted for: age, region, smoking (never, former, current), BMI (categories), education (categories), energy intake, calcium (quartiles), zinc(quartiles). Food models mutually adjusted for chocolate (categories), coffee (categories), berries (categories), tea (categories), boiled potatoes (categories). Supplement models mutually adjusted for vitamin C supplement intake and multivitamin intake