Table 4 Review of the literature: chemotherapeutic treatment regimens in adult intracranial ependymoma
First author, year [Ref] | Trial design | Patient diagnosis, n | Tumor localization | Treatment regimen, n | Response rates, n | Median PFS, after start CT | Median OS, after start CT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present study | Retrospective | newly diagnosed and recurrent WHO grade II and III ependymoma, 17 | supratentorial or infratentorial | TMZ-based CT: 10 | CR: 1 | 10 months | 41 months |
platinum-based CT: 3 | PR: 1 | ||||||
PCV: 3 | SD: 11 | ||||||
epirubicin/ifosfamide: 1 (no prior CT) | PD: 4 | ||||||
Gilbert et al., 2014 [16] | Prospective | recurrent WHO grade II ependymoma, 24 and grade III,18 ependymoma | intracranial and/or spinal | TMZ plus lapatinib | WHO grade II | WHO-grade II: 45 weeks | - |
PR: 2 | WHO-grade III: 25.3 weeks | ||||||
SD/PD: no data | |||||||
WHO grade III | |||||||
CR: 1 | |||||||
PR: 1 | |||||||
SD/PD: no data | |||||||
Chamberlain and Johnston, 2009 [15] | Retrospective | recurrent WHO grade II ependymoma, 25 | supratentorial | TMZ (after platinum-based CT) | PR: 1 | 2 months | 3 months |
SD: 9 | |||||||
PD: 15 | |||||||
Green et al., 2009 [26] | Retrospective | recurrent WHO grade II and III ependymoma, 8 | supratentorial or infratentorial | bevacizumab (after platinum-based CT or TMZ) | PR: 6 | 6.4 months | 9.4 months |
SD: 1 | |||||||
PD: 1 | |||||||
Brandes et al., 2005 [17] | Retrospective | recurrent WHO grade II and III ependymoma, 28 | intracranial | cisplatin-based CT: 13 (no prior CT) | CR: 2 | 9.9 months | 31 months |
PR: 2 | |||||||
SD: 7 | |||||||
PD: 2 | |||||||
versus | versus | versus | versus | ||||
CT without cisplatin: 15 (no prior CT) | PR: 2 | 10.9 months | 40.7 months | ||||
SD: 11 | |||||||
PD: 2 | |||||||
Soffietti et al., 2005 [14] | Prospective | recurrent WHO grade II and III ependymoma, 11 | intracranial | TMZ (some after nitrosourea or platinum-based CT) | CR: 2 | CR: 9–48+ months | - |
PR: 3 | PR: 4–15+ months | ||||||
SD: 5 | SD: 7–44+ months | ||||||
PD: 1 | |||||||
Lombardi et al., 2013 [13] | case report | recurrent anaplastic ependymoma | supratentorial | TMZ plus cisplatin (after platinum-based CT alone and TMZ alone) | PR | 9 months | 11 months |
Freyschlag et al., 2011 [12] | case report | recurrent anaplastic ependymoma | supratentorial | TMZ | no evidence of radiographic progression | 5+ months | - |
Rojas-Marcos et al., 2003 [25] | case report | recurrent anaplastic ependymoma | infratentorial (initial) and supratentorial (at recurrence) | tamoxifen plus isotretinoin (after TMZ, platinum-based CT, CCNU) | CR | 17 months | - |