Factor | Subgroup | Initially metastatic (N = 12) | Distant progression (N = 20) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female | 9 | 10 | 0.16 |
Male | 3 | 10 | ||
Age at presentation (years) | 64 or less | 6 | 5 | 0.15 |
65 or more | 6 | 15 | ||
Tumor diameter (cm) | 0-4 | 3 | 4 | 0.74 |
4.01 and more | 9 | 16 | ||
pT tumor stage | pT0 or pT2 | 2 | 3 | 0.96 |
pT3 | 6 | 11 | ||
pT4 | 4 | 6 | ||
N stage | N0 | 10 | 16 | 0.48 |
N1 (N1a + N1b) | 2 | 4 | ||
M stage | M0 | 12 | 0 | - |
M1 | 0 | 20 | ||
Thyroid surgical procedure | Total or near-total thyroidectomy | 6 | 13 | 0.40 |
Lobectomy or less | 6 | 7 | ||
Neck dissection | No | 9 | 18 | 0.26 |
Yes | 3 | 2 | ||
Residual tumor after surgery | R0 – without residual tumor | 3 | 12 | 0.066 |
R1 – microscopic residual tumor | 8 | 5 | ||
R2– macroscopic residual tumor | 1 | 3 | ||
Radioiodine ablation after surgery | No | 1 | 1 | 0.71 |
Yes | 11 | 19 | ||
Therapy with radioiodine | No | 5 | 8 | 0.93 |
Yes | 7 | 12 | ||
External beam irradiation - neck | No | 6 | 14 | 0.40 |
Yes | 6 | 6 | ||
External beam irradiation – any site | No | 2 | 11 | 0.03 |
Yes | 10 | 9 | ||
Chemotherapy | No | 4 | 16 | 0.008 |
Yes | 8 | 4 | ||
Outcome | Alive without disease | 0 | 0 | - |
Alive with disease | 2 | 9 | ||
Dead of disease | 9 | 11 | ||
Dead of other causes | 0 | 0 | ||
Lost to follow-up | 1 | 0 |