Fig. 1

ASA prodrugs inhibit NFκB activity in breast cancer cells. a Chemical structures of ASA prodrugs are indicated. Four ancillary pharmacophores, bromide (Br), acetylsalicylate (ASA), fumarate (FE), or sulfonate (S), were incorporated in either para (p) or meta (m) position. b-e MCF-7 cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 1 μM of IKKVII, 50 μM of ASA, 50 μM of ASA prodrugs, or vehicle (Veh) followed by treatment with TNFα (10 ng/ml) for 2 hours. b NFκB-RE activity was measured by dual luciferase reporter assay after TNFα (10 ng/ml) for 4 hours. (c-e) Expression of NFκB target genes, ICAM1, TNF and CCL2 was measured by RT-QPCR. Drug inhibitory activity is plotted as % of TNFα alone. Data points with different letters (a, b, c) are significantly different from one another, P < 0.05