Fig. 2

Real-time measurement of endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis. a Proliferation of HUVECs was analyzed in triplicates over a time window of 72 h (n = 3, mean ± SEM of three different donors) in direct comparison to respective controls (0.1 % DMSO, control indicates 100 % cell index proliferation on fibronectin-coated E plates). Differences between the means of one treatment group (PM01215 or PM02781) and Aplidin were analyzed at concentrations of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 nM. Both Aplidin derivates were significantly less potent in inhibition of cell growth when used at 1 and 2.5 nM. At 10 nM both got equally potent like Aplidin. b Induction of apoptosis was analyzed after stimulation of human endothelial cells with 10 nM bortezomib, Aplidin, PM01215 and PM02781 for 72 h. Cells were analyzed for cell viability (Annexin V ^negative, 7-AAD ^negative) by flow cytometry. In comparison to Aplidin, both analogs were significantly less toxic and induced no apoptosis in human endothelial cells