Fig. 4

Rap treatment sensitizes Raji cells to GC treatment by inducing apoptosis. a Raji cells were incubated for 48 h with Rap (10 nM) and/or Dex (1 μM), and the early stage of apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FLUOS/PI staining (Annexin V-FLUOS positive/PI negative). For all experiments, values of triplicate experiments are shown as the mean ± SD; *: p < 0.01 versus the control group or Dex group or Rap group. b After 48 h exposure to Rap and/or Dex, cells were lysed and extracts were analyzed by western blotting for Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3. The experiments were performed in triplicate. β-Actin was used as an internal control. c ∆ψm was detected by Rh123 staining. d The cells were pretreated with 20 μM z-VAD-fmk or 0.1 % DMSO as a control for 2 h in four groups. The viability rates of the cells were evaluated by MTT assays. e The early stage of apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FLUOS/PI staining. *: p < 0.05 versus the control in the RD group. R, Rap; D, Dex; RD, Rap + Dex and C, control