Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for systematic reviews in this meta-review

Inclusion criteria

• Study type: Systematic review of original research (as per the PRISMA statement. A systematic review was defined as a review with a clearly formulated question that used systematic and explicit methods to identify, select and critically appraise relevant research and to collect and analyse data from the studies that were included in the review. As such, the review had to describe a detailed search of the literature for relevant studies and synthesis of results)

• Publication: Full peer-reviewed publication

• Population: Patients with cancer

• Intervention: Any intervention applied to prevent, diagnose or manage cancer treatment-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Comparison: Any comparison.

• Outcome: Cardiotoxicity, as defined by the authors of the original systematic review. Could be clinical diagnosis of heart failure, heart failure graded by a standardized reporting system, subclinical heart failure (identified by myocardial biopsy, non-invasive imaging techniques or biomarkers) or adverse cardiac events (myocardial infarction, arrhythmia).

Exclusion criteria

• Systematic reviews focused on identifying the incidence of cardiotoxicity associated with particular cancer treatment regimens.

• Poor quality (Literature search was not comprehensive, quality of included studies was not appraised, total AMSTAR score <7)