Examination of polymorphic glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, tobacco smoking and prostate cancer risk among Men of African Descent: A case-control study

Table 1 Patient and Tumor Characteristics

Characteristics	Cases	Controls	p-value^a
Number of Participants, n	208	665	---
Age (yrs)
Median (range)	65 (41-91)	52 (26-89)	0.0001
PSA in ng/ml n (%)
< 4	43 (22.0)	609 (94.4)	< 0.0001
≥ 4	152 (78.0)	36 (5.6)
Gleason Score n (%)
4	17 (13.2)
5	15 (11.6)
6	33 (25.6)
7	40 (31.0)
8	6 (4.6)
9	14 (10.9)
10	4 (3.10)
Smokers n (%)
Never	62 (45.6)	45 (20.8)	0.162
Former	51 (37.5)	20 (25.0)
Current	23 (16.9)	15 (18.8)
Eversmokers n (%)
No	62 (45.6)	45 (56.3)	0.130
Yes	74 (54.4)	35 (43.8)
Global West African Ancestry Median (SD)	0.791 (0.253-0.947)	0.718 (0.255-0.946)	0.020

Abbreviations: PSA, prostate specific antigen
^aDifferences in frequencies were tested by a Chi-square test of heterogeneity (i.e., PSA ng/ml); Differences in age and Global West African Ancestry between cases and controls were tested using the Wilcoxon sum Rank test.

ISSN: 1471-2407