Biomarkers of apoptosis and survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BMC Cancer

Table 5 Adjusted hazard ratios^a for death by risk factors and clinico-pathologic features in ESCC cases (N = 260)

Variable	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	P-value
Gender (male)	1.09	0.70 - 1.70	0.69
Age (years)	1.01	0.99 - 1.03	0.28
Tobacco use (yes)	1.08	0.70 - 1.67	0.72
Alcohol use (daily or weekly)	1.00	0.67 -- 1.47	0.98
Family history of UGI cancer (yes)	1.00	0.72 - 1.40	1.00
Tumor grade (I -- IV)	1.18	0.90 - 1.54	0.24
Tumor stage (1 -- 4)	1.92	1.14 - 3.23	0.01
Metastasis (yes)	2.17	1.59 - 2.95	< 0.0001
Degree differentiation (poor)	1.07	0.76 - 1.50	0.71

^aModel includes all 9 variables shown (gender, age, tobacco use, alcohol use, family history of UGI cancer, tumor grade, tumor stage, metastasis, degree differentiation)

ISSN: 1471-2407