Figure 7
Quantitation of mRNA levels of p16 in livers at week 8 and 15 in model, 1%, 2% and 4% betaine groups. Results were expressed relative to the control group. The mRNA levels of p16 in the model group were decreased after 8 weeks (P < 0.001) and 15 weeks (P < 0.001) and betaine increased the down-regulation induced by DEN in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Data are means ± SD. Different letter (such as "a" versus "b") on the top of each bar indicates P < 0.05 between them.