Table 1 General Characteristics of Study Subjects
From: Fatty fish and fish omega-3 fatty acid intakes decrease the breast cancer risk: a case-control study
Variables | Control (n = 360) | Case (n = 358) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) a | 47.9 ± 8.7 | 48.3 ± 8.6 | 0.633 |
Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) | Â | Â | Â |
   < 18.5 | 8(2.2) | 16(4.5) | 0.003 |
   18.5- < 23 | 150(42.4) | 153(42.7) |  |
   23- < 25 | 121(34.2) | 85(23.7) |  |
   ≥ 25 | 75(21.2) | 104(29.1) |  |
Family history (yes) | 12(3.6) | 17(4.8) | 0.429 |
Supplement use (yes) | 167(67.1) | 194(54.3) | 0.001 |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â |
   Married | 288(83.0) | 289(80.7) | 0.588 |
   Single | 14(4.0) | 20(5.6) |  |
   Divorced, Widowed, Other | 45(13.0) | 49(13.7) |  |
Education | Â | Â | Â |
   ≤ Elementary school | 21(6.1) | 59(16.5) | < 0.001 |
   Middle school | 17(4.9) | 44(12.3) |  |
   High school | 176(51.2) | 174(48.6) |  |
   ≥ College | 130(37.8) | 81(22.6) |  |
Occupation | Â | Â | Â |
   Housewife | 212(61.1) | 217(60.6) | 0.012 |
   Profession, Office worker | 75(21.6) | 54(15.1) |  |
   Sales, Service | 43(12.4) | 51(14.3) |  |
   Agriculture, Laborer, Unemployed, Other | 17(4.9) | 36(10.0) |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â |
   Nonsmoker | 305(93.3) | 318(89.1) | 0.066 |
   Ex-smoker | 12(3.7) | 28(7.8) |  |
   Current smoker | 10(3.0) | 11(3.1) |  |
Alcohol consumption (g/day) | Â | Â | Â |
   0 | 175(56.6) | 190(53.1) | 0.144 |
   0< ≡ 14.9 | 119(38.5) | 137(38.2) |  |
   > 15 | 15(4.9) | 31(8.7) |  |
Physical activity b (Met-min/week) | Â | Â | Â |
   ≤ 396 | 77(22.9) | 59(16.6) | 0.076 |
   396-<1272 | 91(27.0) | 114(32.0) |  |
   1272-<2772 | 81(24.0) | 101(28.4) |  |
   ≥ 2772 | 88(26.1) | 82(23.0) |  |
Age at menarche (years) | Â | Â | Â |
   ≤ 13 | 97(28.9) | 91(25.4) | < 0.001 |
   14 | 74(22.0) | 97(27.1) |  |
   15 | 86(25.6) | 53(14.8) |  |
   ≥ 16 | 79(23.5) | 117(32.7) |  |
Menopausal status | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 196(54.4) | 210(58.7) | 0.254 |
   Yes | 164(45.6) | 148(41.3) |  |
Age at menopause c (years) | Â | Â | Â |
   < 46 | 37(26.6) | 43(29.5) | 0.697 |
   46-<49 | 35(25.2) | 31(21.2) |  |
   49-<52 | 39(28.1) | 47(32.2) |  |
   ≥ 52 | 28(20.1) | 25(17.1) |  |
Type of menopause c | Â | Â | Â |
   Natural | 109(75.2) | 98(66.7) | 0.109 |
   Surgery, Other | 36(21.8) | 49(33.3) |  |
Postmenopausal hormone use c | Â | Â | Â |
   Never | 88(62.0) | 115(80.4) | < 0.001 |
   Ever | 54(38.0) | 28(19.6) |  |
Parity | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 46(12.8) | 31(8.7) | 0.074 |
   Yes | 314(87.2) | 327(91.3) |  |